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3541. Preinfarction angina as a predictor of more rapid coronary thrombolysis in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
作者: F Andreotti.;V Pasceri.;D R Hackett.;G J Davies.;A W Haider.;A Maseri.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1996年334卷1期7-12页
When a myocardial infarction is preceded by angina, the infarct tends to be smaller than when there is no preinfarction angina. Prompt recanalization of the occluded infarct-related artery is crucial in limiting the size of the infarct. We prospectively studied the relation among preinfarction unstable angina, the speed of coronary reperfusion, and the size of the infarct in patients with acute myocardial infarction receiving thrombolytic therapy.
3542. Cyclophosphamide and cisplatin compared with paclitaxel and cisplatin in patients with stage III and stage IV ovarian cancer.
作者: W P McGuire.;W J Hoskins.;M F Brady.;P R Kucera.;E E Partridge.;K Y Look.;D L Clarke-Pearson.;M Davidson.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1996年334卷1期1-6页
Chemotherapy combinations that include an alkylating agent and a platinum coordination complex have high response rates in women with advanced ovarian cancer. Such combinations provide long-term control of disease in few patients, however. We compared two combinations, cisplatin and cyclophosphamide and cisplatin and paclitaxel, in women with ovarian cancer.
3543. Reduced incidence of preterm delivery with metronidazole and erythromycin in women with bacterial vaginosis.
作者: J C Hauth.;R L Goldenberg.;W W Andrews.;M B DuBard.;R L Copper.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年333卷26期1732-6页
Pregnant women with bacterial vaginosis may be at increased risk for preterm delivery. We investigated whether treatment with metronidazole and erythromycin during the second trimester would lower the incidence of delivery before 37 weeks' gestation.
3544. A clinical trial of the angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor trandolapril in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. Trandolapril Cardiac Evaluation (TRACE) Study Group.
作者: L Køber.;C Torp-Pedersen.;J E Carlsen.;H Bagger.;P Eliasen.;K Lyngborg.;J Videbaek.;D S Cole.;L Auclert.;N C Pauly.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年333卷25期1670-6页
Treatment with angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors reduces mortality among survivors of acute myocardial infarction, but whether to use ACE inhibitors in all patients or only in selected patients is uncertain.
3545. Treatment with lamivudine, zidovudine, or both in HIV-positive patients with 200 to 500 CD4+ cells per cubic millimeter. North American HIV Working Party.
作者: J J Eron.;S L Benoit.;J Jemsek.;R D MacArthur.;J Santana.;J B Quinn.;D R Kuritzkes.;M A Fallon.;M Rubin.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年333卷25期1662-9页
The reverse-transcriptase inhibitor lamivudine has in vitro synergy with zidovudine against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We studied the activity and safety of lamivudine plus zidovudine as compared with either drug alone as treatment for patients with HIV infection, most of whom had not previously received zidovudine.
3546. A preliminary trial of lamivudine for chronic hepatitis B infection.
作者: J L Dienstag.;R P Perrillo.;E R Schiff.;M Bartholomew.;C Vicary.;M Rubin.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年333卷25期1657-61页
Better treatments for chronic hepatitis B are needed. Lamivudine, the (-)enantiomer of 3'-thiacytidine, is a potent inhibitor of hepatitis B virus (HBV).
3547. Low-molecular-weight heparin for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke.
作者: R Kay.;K S Wong.;Y L Yu.;Y W Chan.;T H Tsoi.;A T Ahuja.;F L Chan.;K Y Fong.;C B Law.;A Wong.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年333卷24期1588-93页
Despite doubts about their efficacy and concern about their safety, antithrombotic agents are often used to treat acute ischemic stroke. Recent experience in patients with other thromboembolic disorders suggests that low-molecular-weight heparin, which requires only subcutaneous administration once or twice daily, may be more effective and safer than standard (unfractionated) heparin.
3548. Tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke.
Thrombolytic therapy for acute ischemic stroke has been approached cautiously because there were high rates of intracerebral hemorrhage in early clinical trials. We performed a randomized, double-blind trial of intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) for ischemic stroke after recent pilot studies suggested that t-PA was beneficial when treatment was begun within three hours of the onset of stroke.
3549. Autologous bone marrow transplantation as compared with salvage chemotherapy in relapses of chemotherapy-sensitive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
作者: T Philip.;C Guglielmi.;A Hagenbeek.;R Somers.;H Van der Lelie.;D Bron.;P Sonneveld.;C Gisselbrecht.;J Y Cahn.;J L Harousseau.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年333卷23期1540-5页
High-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation is a therapeutic option for patients with chemotherapy-sensitive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who have relapses. In this report we describe a prospective randomized study of such treatment.
3550. A preliminary study of ritonavir, an inhibitor of HIV-1 protease, to treat HIV-1 infection.
作者: M Markowitz.;M Saag.;W G Powderly.;A M Hurley.;A Hsu.;J M Valdes.;D Henry.;F Sattler.;A La Marca.;J M Leonard.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年333卷23期1534-9页
Ritonavir is a potent inhibitor in vitro of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease, which is needed for virions to mature and become infective. We assessed the safety and efficacy of ritonavir in patients with HIV-1 infection.
3551. A short-term study of the safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of ritonavir, an inhibitor of HIV-1 protease. European-Australian Collaborative Ritonavir Study Group.
作者: S A Danner.;A Carr.;J M Leonard.;L M Lehman.;F Gudiol.;J Gonzales.;A Raventos.;R Rubio.;E Bouza.;V Pintado.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年333卷23期1528-33页
Reverse-transcriptase inhibitors have only moderate clinical efficacy against the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Ritonavir is an inhibitor of HIV-1 protease with potent in vitro anti-HIV properties and good oral bioavailability.
3552. Thyroid hormone treatment after coronary-artery bypass surgery.
作者: J D Klemperer.;I Klein.;M Gomez.;R E Helm.;K Ojamaa.;S J Thomas.;O W Isom.;K Krieger.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年333卷23期1522-7页
Thyroid hormone has many effects on the cardiovascular system. During and after cardiopulmonary bypass, serum triiodothyronine concentrations decline transiently, which may contribute to postoperative hemodynamic dysfunction. We investigated whether the perioperative administration of triiodothyronine (liothyronine sodium) enhances cardiovascular performance in high-risk patients undergoing coronary-artery bypass surgery.
3553. Effects of regular exercise on blood pressure and left ventricular hypertrophy in African-American men with severe hypertension.
作者: P F Kokkinos.;P Narayan.;J A Colleran.;A Pittaras.;A Notargiacomo.;D Reda.;V Papademetriou.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年333卷22期1462-7页
The prevalence of hypertension and its cardiovascular complications is higher in African Americans than in whites. Interventions to control blood pressure in this population are particularly important. Regular exercise lowers blood pressure in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension, but its effects in patients with severe hypertension have not been studied. We examined the effects of moderately intense exercise on blood pressure and left ventricular hypertrophy in African-American men with severe hypertension.
3554. Reanalysis and results after 12 years of follow-up in a randomized clinical trial comparing total mastectomy with lumpectomy with or without irradiation in the treatment of breast cancer.
作者: B Fisher.;S Anderson.;C K Redmond.;N Wolmark.;D L Wickerham.;W M Cronin.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年333卷22期1456-61页
Previous findings from a clinical trial (Protocol B-06) conducted by the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) indicated the worth of lumpectomy and breast irradiation for treating breast cancer. After the discovery by NSABP staff members of falsified information on patients enrolled in the study by St. Luc Hospital in Montreal, separate audits were conducted at St. Luc Hospital and other participating institutions. We report the results of both audits and update the study findings through an average of 12 years of follow-up.
3555. Effect of oral alendronate on bone mineral density and the incidence of fractures in postmenopausal osteoporosis. The Alendronate Phase III Osteoporosis Treatment Study Group.
作者: U A Liberman.;S R Weiss.;J Bröll.;H W Minne.;H Quan.;N H Bell.;J Rodriguez-Portales.;R W Downs.;J Dequeker.;M Favus.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年333卷22期1437-43页
Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a serious health problem, and additional treatments are needed.
3557. Reduction of serum cholesterol with sitostanol-ester margarine in a mildly hypercholesterolemic population.
作者: T A Miettinen.;P Puska.;H Gylling.;H Vanhanen.;E Vartiainen.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年333卷20期1308-12页
Dietary plant sterols, especially sitostanol, reduce serum cholesterol by inhibiting cholesterol absorption. Soluble sitostanol may be more effective than a less soluble preparation. We tested the tolerability and cholesterol-lowering effect of margarine containing sitostanol ester in a population with mild hypercholesterolemia.
3558. Prevention of coronary heart disease with pravastatin in men with hypercholesterolemia. West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study Group.
作者: J Shepherd.;S M Cobbe.;I Ford.;C G Isles.;A R Lorimer.;P W MacFarlane.;J H McKillop.;C J Packard.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年333卷20期1301-7页
Lowering the blood cholesterol level may reduce the risk of coronary heart disease. This double-blind study was designed to determine whether the administration of pravastatin to men with hypercholesterolemia and no history of myocardial infarction reduced the combined incidence of nonfatal myocardial infarction and death from coronary heart disease.
3559. Postprandial versus preprandial blood glucose monitoring in women with gestational diabetes mellitus requiring insulin therapy.
作者: M de Veciana.;C A Major.;M A Morgan.;T Asrat.;J S Toohey.;J M Lien.;A T Evans.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年333卷19期1237-41页
The fetuses of women with gestational diabetes mellitus are at risk for macrosomia and its attendant complications. The best method of achieving euglycemia in these women and reducing morbidity in their infants is not known. We compared the efficacy of postprandial and preprandial monitoring in achieving glycemic control in women with gestational diabetes.
3560. A multidisciplinary intervention to prevent the readmission of elderly patients with congestive heart failure.
作者: M W Rich.;V Beckham.;C Wittenberg.;C L Leven.;K E Freedland.;R M Carney.
来源: N Engl J Med. 1995年333卷18期1190-5页
Congestive heart failure is the most common indication for admission to the hospital among older adults. Behavioral factors, such as poor compliance with treatment, frequently contribute to exacerbations of heart failure, a fact suggesting that many admissions could be prevented.
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