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3481. High-dose intravenous immune globulin for stiff-person syndrome.
Stiff-person syndrome is a disabling central nervous system disorder with no satisfactory treatment that is characterized by muscle rigidity, episodic muscle spasms, high titers of antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65), and a frequent association with autoimmune disorders. Because stiff-person syndrome is most likely immune-mediated, we evaluated the efficacy of intravenous immune globulin.
3482. Coronary magnetic resonance angiography for the detection of coronary stenoses.
作者: W Y Kim.;P G Danias.;M Stuber.;S D Flamm.;S Plein.;E Nagel.;S E Langerak.;O M Weber.;E M Pedersen.;M Schmidt.;R M Botnar.;W J Manning.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年345卷26期1863-9页
An accurate, noninvasive technique for the diagnosis of coronary disease would be an important advance. We investigated the accuracy of coronary magnetic resonance angiography among patients with suspected coronary disease in a prospective, multicenter study.
3483. Cyclooxygenase inhibitors and the antiplatelet effects of aspirin.
作者: F Catella-Lawson.;M P Reilly.;S C Kapoor.;A J Cucchiara.;S DeMarco.;B Tournier.;S N Vyas.;G A FitzGerald.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年345卷25期1809-17页
Patients with arthritis and vascular disease may receive both low-dose aspirin and other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. We therefore investigated potential interactions between aspirin and commonly prescribed arthritis therapies
3484. Naltrexone in the treatment of alcohol dependence.
作者: J H Krystal.;J A Cramer.;W F Krol.;G F Kirk.;R A Rosenheck.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年345卷24期1734-9页
Although naltrexone, an opiate-receptor antagonist, has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of alcohol dependence, its efficacy is uncertain.
3485. The effect of group psychosocial support on survival in metastatic breast cancer.
作者: P J Goodwin.;M Leszcz.;M Ennis.;J Koopmans.;L Vincent.;H Guther.;E Drysdale.;M Hundleby.;H M Chochinov.;M Navarro.;M Speca.;J Hunter.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年345卷24期1719-26页
Supportive-expressive group therapy has been reported to prolong survival among women with metastatic breast cancer. However, in recent studies, various psychosocial interventions have not prolonged survival.
3486. A clinical trial of estrogen-replacement therapy after ischemic stroke.
作者: C M Viscoli.;L M Brass.;W N Kernan.;P M Sarrel.;S Suissa.;R I Horwitz.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年345卷17期1243-9页
Observational studies have suggested that estrogen-replacement therapy may reduce a woman's risk of stroke and death.
3487. Reversal of catabolism by beta-blockade after severe burns.
The catecholamine-mediated hypermetabolic response to severe burns causes increased energy expenditure and muscle-protein catabolism. We hypothesized that blockade of beta-adrenergic stimulation with propranolol would decrease resting energy expenditure and muscle catabolism in patients with severe burns.
3488. Transient intestinal carriage after ingestion of antibiotic-resistant Enterococcus faecium from chicken and pork.
作者: T L Sørensen.;M Blom.;D L Monnet.;N Frimodt-Møller.;R L Poulsen.;F Espersen.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年345卷16期1161-6页
Antibiotic-resistant enterococci are often present in retail meats, but it is unclear whether the ingestion of these contaminants leads to sustained intestinal carriage.
3489. Prognosis after transient monocular blindness associated with carotid-artery stenosis.
作者: O Benavente.;M Eliasziw.;J Y Streifler.;A J Fox.;H J Barnett.;H Meldrum.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年345卷15期1084-90页
Transient monocular blindness associated with internal-carotid-artery stenosis is a risk factor for stroke. The effect of carotid endarterectomy in patients who present with transient monocular blindness has not been determined.
3490. Patients at high risk of death after lung-volume-reduction surgery.
作者: .;Alfred Fishman.;Henry Fessler.;Fernando Martinez.;Robert J McKenna.;Keith Naunheim.;Steven Piantadosi.;Gail Weinmann.;Robert Wise.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年345卷15期1075-83页
Lung-volume-reduction surgery is a proposed treatment for emphysema, but optimal selection criteria have not been defined. The National Emphysema Treatment Trial is a randomized, multicenter clinical trial comparing lung-volume-reduction surgery with medical treatment.
3491. A computerized reminder system to increase the use of preventive care for hospitalized patients.
作者: P R Dexter.;S Perkins.;J M Overhage.;K Maharry.;R B Kohler.;C J McDonald.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年345卷13期965-70页
Although they are effective in outpatient settings, computerized reminders have not been proved to increase preventive care in inpatient settings.
3492. Deep-brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus or the pars interna of the globus pallidus in Parkinson's disease.
作者: .;J A Obeso.;C W Olanow.;M C Rodriguez-Oroz.;P Krack.;R Kumar.;A E Lang.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年345卷13期956-63页
Increased neuronal activity in the subthalamic nucleus and the pars interna of the globus pallidus is thought to account for motor dysfunction in patients with Parkinson's disease. Although creating lesions in these structures improves motor function in monkeys with induced parkinsonism and patients with Parkinson's disease, such lesions are associated with neurologic deficits, particularly when they are created bilaterally. Deep-brain stimulation simulates the effects of a lesion without destroying brain tissue.
3493. Pamidronate to prevent bone loss during androgen-deprivation therapy for prostate cancer.
作者: M R Smith.;F J McGovern.;A L Zietman.;M A Fallon.;D L Hayden.;D A Schoenfeld.;P W Kantoff.;J S Finkelstein.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年345卷13期948-55页
Treatment with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist decreases bone mineral density and increases the risk of fracture in men with prostate cancer. We conducted a controlled study of the prevention of osteoporosis in men undergoing treatment with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist.
3494. Selective postoperative inhibition of gastrointestinal opioid receptors.
作者: A Taguchi.;N Sharma.;R M Saleem.;D I Sessler.;R L Carpenter.;M Seyedsadr.;A Kurz.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年345卷13期935-40页
Postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal function and resumption of oral intake are critical determinants of the length of hospital stay. Although opioids are effective treatments for postoperative pain, they contribute to the delayed recovery of gastrointestinal function.
3495. Medical treatment for neurocysticercosis characterized by giant subarachnoid cysts.
作者: J V Proaño.;I Madrazo.;F Avelar.;B López-Félix.;G Díaz.;I Grijalva.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年345卷12期879-85页
Infection with the larval form of the pork tapeworm, Taenia solium, can lead to the development of cysts in the brain. Surgical removal of cysts has been the accepted treatment for neurocysticercosis characterized by giant cysts when there is associated intracranial hypertension.
3496. The effect of irbesartan on the development of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes.
作者: H H Parving.;H Lehnert.;J Bröchner-Mortensen.;R Gomis.;S Andersen.;P Arner.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年345卷12期870-8页
Microalbuminuria and hypertension are risk factors for diabetic nephropathy. Blockade of the renin-angiotensin system slows the progression to diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 1 diabetes, but similar data are lacking for hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes. We evaluated the renoprotective effect of the angiotensin-II-receptor antagonist irbesartan in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria.
3497. Effects of losartan on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy.
作者: B M Brenner.;M E Cooper.;D de Zeeuw.;W F Keane.;W E Mitch.;H H Parving.;G Remuzzi.;S M Snapinn.;Z Zhang.;S Shahinfar.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年345卷12期861-9页
Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Interruption of the renin-angiotensin system slows the progression of renal disease in patients with type 1 diabetes, but similar data are not available for patients with type 2, the most common form of diabetes. We assessed the role of the angiotensin-II-receptor antagonist losartan in patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy.
3498. Renoprotective effect of the angiotensin-receptor antagonist irbesartan in patients with nephropathy due to type 2 diabetes.
作者: E J Lewis.;L G Hunsicker.;W R Clarke.;T Berl.;M A Pohl.;J B Lewis.;E Ritz.;R C Atkins.;R Rohde.;I Raz.; .
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年345卷12期851-60页
It is unknown whether either the angiotensin-II-receptor blocker irbesartan or the calcium-channel blocker amlodipine slows the progression of nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes independently of its capacity to lower the systemic blood pressure.
3499. Chemoradiotherapy after surgery compared with surgery alone for adenocarcinoma of the stomach or gastroesophageal junction.
作者: J S Macdonald.;S R Smalley.;J Benedetti.;S A Hundahl.;N C Estes.;G N Stemmermann.;D G Haller.;J A Ajani.;L L Gunderson.;J M Jessup.;J A Martenson.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年345卷10期725-30页
Surgical resection of adenocarcinoma of the stomach is curative in less than 40 percent of cases. We investigated the effect of surgery plus postoperative (adjuvant) chemoradiotherapy on the survival of patients with resectable adenocarcinoma of the stomach or gastroesophageal junction.
3500. Endoscopic ligation compared with combined treatment with nadolol and isosorbide mononitrate to prevent recurrent variceal bleeding.
作者: C Villanueva.;J Miñana.;J Ortiz.;A Gallego.;G Soriano.;X Torras.;S Sáinz.;J Boadas.;X Cussó.;C Guarner.;J Balanzó.
来源: N Engl J Med. 2001年345卷9期647-55页
After an episode of acute bleeding from esophageal varices, patients are at high risk for recurrent bleeding and death. We compared two treatments to prevent recurrent bleeding--endoscopic ligation and combined medical therapy with nadolol and isosorbide mononitrate.
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