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3382. Nitric oxide: mediator, murderer, and medicine.
In the past ten years several research fields have converged to show that the tiny molecule nitric oxide (NO), a reactive gas, functions both as a signalling molecule in endothelial and nerve cells and as a killer molecule by activated immune cells--and it can be used as a new medicine by inhalation. This article reviews the biology of this remarkable molecule and discusses the implications for clinical medicine.
3386. Disrupted dichotomous intracellular control of human papillomavirus infection in cancer of the cervix.
The role of specific human papillomaviruses (HPVs) in the aetiology of cancer of the cervix is firmly established. Progression of an HPV-infected cell clone to invasive growth involves consecutive modifications of a set of host cell genes. Some of these modifications suppress viral oncogene functions post-transcriptionally, and others suppress transcription via a signalling pathway stimulated by activated macrophages and possibly by additional cells. I describe a scheme that tries to unify available data by postulating the existence of two intracellular signalling pathways in the control of latent HPV infections.
3390. Allocation of resources in intensive care: a transatlantic perspective.
The USA and the UK have differed substantially in approaches to health care and especially in intensive care provision. We have compared the health care systems, clinical justification for intensive care, selection of patients likely to benefit from such care, and the performance of the systems. The differences are lessening. Both countries are moving away from clinical autonomy as the driving force of medical decision-making. There is increasing recognition that not all patients will benefit from intensive care and that the doctor's obligation to the patient can be limited by constraints set by society.
3397. Autosomal dominant frontal epilepsy misdiagnosed as sleep disorder.
作者: I E Scheffer.;K P Bhatia.;I Lopes-Cendes.;D R Fish.;C D Marsden.;F Andermann.;E Andermann.;R Desbiens.;F Cendes.;J I Manson.
来源: Lancet. 1994年343卷8896期515-7页
We describe a distinctive epilepsy syndrome in six families, which is the first partial epilepsy syndrome to follow single gene inheritance. The predominant seizure pattern had frontal lobe seizure semiology with clusters of brief motor attacks occurring in sleep. Onset was usually in childhood, often persisting through adult life. Misdiagnosis as night terrors, nightmares, hysteria, or paroxysmal nocturnal dystonia was common, and the inheritance pattern was often not appreciated. This autosomal dominant epilepsy syndrome is ideal for identification of partial epilepsy genes.
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