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264. Association of Home Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation With Clinical Outcomes in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
作者: Michael E Wilson.;Claudia C Dobler.;Allison S Morrow.;Bradley Beuschel.;Mouaz Alsawas.;Raed Benkhadra.;Mohamed Seisa.;Aniket Mittal.;Manuel Sanchez.;Lubna Daraz.;Steven Holets.;M Hassan Murad.;Zhen Wang.
来源: JAMA. 2020年323卷5期455-465页
The association of home noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) with outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and hypercapnia is uncertain.
265. Malpractice Liability and Health Care Quality: A Review.
作者: Michelle M Mello.;Michael D Frakes.;Erik Blumenkranz.;David M Studdert.
来源: JAMA. 2020年323卷4期352-366页
The tort liability system is intended to serve 3 functions: compensate patients who sustain injury from negligence, provide corrective justice, and deter negligence. Deterrence, in theory, occurs because clinicians know that they may experience adverse consequences if they negligently injure patients.
266. Practices to Foster Physician Presence and Connection With Patients in the Clinical Encounter.
作者: Donna M Zulman.;Marie C Haverfield.;Jonathan G Shaw.;Cati G Brown-Johnson.;Rachel Schwartz.;Aaron A Tierney.;Dani L Zionts.;Nadia Safaeinili.;Meredith Fischer.;Sonoo Thadaney Israni.;Steven M Asch.;Abraham Verghese.
来源: JAMA. 2020年323卷1期70-81页
Time constraints, technology, and administrative demands of modern medicine often impede the human connection that is central to clinical care, contributing to physician and patient dissatisfaction.
267. Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Pancreatitis: A Review.
Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a chronic inflammatory and fibrotic disease of the pancreas with a prevalence of 42 to 73 per 100 000 adults in the United States.
268. Does This Patient Have Hip Osteoarthritis?: The Rational Clinical Examination Systematic Review.
作者: David Metcalfe.;Daniel C Perry.;Henry A Claireaux.;David L Simel.;Cheryl K Zogg.;Matthew L Costa.
来源: JAMA. 2019年322卷23期2323-2333页
Hip osteoarthritis (OA) is a common cause of pain and disability.
269. Primary Care Screening for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
作者: Janelle M Guirguis-Blake.;Tracy L Beil.;Caitlyn A Senger.;Erin L Coppola.
来源: JAMA. 2019年322卷22期2219-2238页
Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) have mortality estimated at 81%.
271. Association of Surgical Hematoma Evacuation vs Conservative Treatment With Functional Outcome in Patients With Cerebellar Intracerebral Hemorrhage.
作者: Joji B Kuramatsu.;Alessandro Biffi.;Stefan T Gerner.;Jochen A Sembill.;Maximilian I Sprügel.;Audrey Leasure.;Lauren Sansing.;Charles Matouk.;Guido J Falcone.;Matthias Endres.;Karl Georg Haeusler.;Jan Sobesky.;Johannes Schurig.;Sarah Zweynert.;Miriam Bauer.;Peter Vajkoczy.;Peter A Ringleb.;Jan Purrucker.;Timolaos Rizos.;Jens Volkmann.;Wolfgang Müllges.;Peter Kraft.;Anna-Lena Schubert.;Frank Erbguth.;Martin Nueckel.;Peter D Schellinger.;Jörg Glahn.;Ulrich J Knappe.;Gereon R Fink.;Christian Dohmen.;Henning Stetefeld.;Anna Lena Fisse.;Jens Minnerup.;Georg Hagemann.;Florian Rakers.;Heinz Reichmann.;Hauke Schneider.;Jan Rahmig.;Albert Christian Ludolph.;Sebastian Stösser.;Hermann Neugebauer.;Joachim Röther.;Peter Michels.;Michael Schwarz.;Gernot Reimann.;Hansjörg Bäzner.;Henning Schwert.;Joseph Claßen.;Dominik Michalski.;Armin Grau.;Frederick Palm.;Christian Urbanek.;Johannes C Wöhrle.;Fahid Alshammari.;Markus Horn.;Dirk Bahner.;Otto W Witte.;Albrecht Günther.;Gerhard F Hamann.;Manuel Hagen.;Sebastian S Roeder.;Hannes Lücking.;Arnd Dörfler.;Fernando D Testai.;Daniel Woo.;Stefan Schwab.;Kevin N Sheth.;Hagen B Huttner.
来源: JAMA. 2019年322卷14期1392-1403页
The association of surgical hematoma evacuation with clinical outcomes in patients with cerebellar intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has not been established.
272. Waste in the US Health Care System: Estimated Costs and Potential for Savings.
The United States spends more on health care than any other country, with costs approaching 18% of the gross domestic product (GDP). Prior studies estimated that approximately 30% of health care spending may be considered waste. Despite efforts to reduce overtreatment, improve care, and address overpayment, it is likely that substantial waste in US health care spending remains.
273. Chronic Kidney Disease Diagnosis and Management: A Review.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the 16th leading cause of years of life lost worldwide. Appropriate screening, diagnosis, and management by primary care clinicians are necessary to prevent adverse CKD-associated outcomes, including cardiovascular disease, end-stage kidney disease, and death.
274. Association of General Anesthesia vs Procedural Sedation With Functional Outcome Among Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke Undergoing Thrombectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
作者: Silvia Schönenberger.;Pia Löwhagen Hendén.;Claus Z Simonsen.;Lorenz Uhlmann.;Christina Klose.;Johannes A R Pfaff.;Albert J Yoo.;Leif H Sørensen.;Peter A Ringleb.;Wolfgang Wick.;Meinhard Kieser.;Markus A Möhlenbruch.;Mads Rasmussen.;Alexandros Rentzos.;Julian Bösel.
来源: JAMA. 2019年322卷13期1283-1293页
General anesthesia during thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke has been associated with poor neurological outcome in nonrandomized studies. Three single-center randomized trials reported no significantly different or improved outcomes for patients who received general anesthesia compared with procedural sedation.
275. Screening for Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
Screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria can identify patients for whom treatment might be beneficial for preventing symptomatic infection and other health outcomes.
276. Medication Use for the Risk Reduction of Primary Breast Cancer in Women: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
作者: Heidi D Nelson.;Rongwei Fu.;Bernadette Zakher.;Miranda Pappas.;Marian McDonagh.
来源: JAMA. 2019年322卷9期868-886页
Medications to reduce risk of breast cancer are effective for women at increased risk but also cause adverse effects.
277. Systemic Therapy for Locally Advanced and Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Review.
Non-small cell lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Until the last decade, the 5-year overall survival rate for patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer was less than 5%. Improved understanding of the biology of lung cancer has resulted in the development of new biomarker-targeted therapies and led to improvements in overall survival for patients with advanced or metastatic disease.
278. Risk Assessment, Genetic Counseling, and Genetic Testing for BRCA-Related Cancer in Women: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
作者: Heidi D Nelson.;Miranda Pappas.;Amy Cantor.;Elizabeth Haney.;Rebecca Holmes.
来源: JAMA. 2019年322卷7期666-685页
Pathogenic mutations in breast cancer susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 increase risks for breast, ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancer in women; interventions reduce risk in mutation carriers.
279. Association of Thyroid Function Test Abnormalities and Thyroid Autoimmunity With Preterm Birth: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
作者: .;T I M Korevaar.;Arash Derakhshan.;Peter N Taylor.;Marcel Meima.;Liangmiao Chen.;Sofie Bliddal.;David M Carty.;Margreet Meems.;Bijay Vaidya.;Beverley Shields.;Farkhanda Ghafoor.;Polina V Popova.;Lorena Mosso.;Emily Oken.;Eila Suvanto.;Aya Hisada.;Jun Yoshinaga.;Suzanne J Brown.;Judit Bassols.;Juha Auvinen.;Wichor M Bramer.;Abel López-Bermejo.;Colin Dayan.;Laura Boucai.;Marina Vafeiadi.;Elena N Grineva.;Alexandra S Tkachuck.;Victor J M Pop.;T G Vrijkotte.;M Guxens.;L Chatzi.;J Sunyer.;A Jiménez-Zabala.;I Riaño.;M Murcia.;X Lu.;S Mukhtar.;C Delles.;U Feldt-Rasmussen.;S M Nelson.;E K Alexander.;L Chaker.;T Männistö.;J P Walsh.;E N Pearce.;E A P Steegers.;R P Peeters.
来源: JAMA. 2019年322卷7期632-641页
Maternal hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are risk factors for preterm birth. Milder thyroid function test abnormalities and thyroid autoimmunity are more prevalent, but it remains controversial if these are associated with preterm birth.
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