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2681. Obstructive airways disease with air trapping among firefighters exposed to World Trade Center dust.
作者: Michael D Weiden.;Natalia Ferrier.;Anna Nolan.;William N Rom.;Ashley Comfort.;Jackson Gustave.;Rachel Zeig-Owens.;Shugi Zheng.;Roberta M Goldring.;Kenneth I Berger.;Kaitlyn Cosenza.;Roy Lee.;Mayris P Webber.;Kerry J Kelly.;Thomas K Aldrich.;David J Prezant.
来源: Chest. 2010年137卷3期566-74页
The World Trade Center (WTC) collapse produced a massive exposure to respirable particulates in New York City Fire Department (FDNY) rescue workers. This group had spirometry examinations pre-September 11, 2001, and post-September 11, 2001, demonstrating declines in lung function with parallel declines in FEV(1) and FVC. To date, the underlying pathophysiologic cause for this has been open to question.
2682. Adherence to sleep apnea therapy and use of lipid-lowering drugs: a study of the healthy-user effect.
作者: Alec B Platt.;Samuel T Kuna.;Samuel H Field.;Zhen Chen.;Rajesh Gupta.;Dominic F Roche.;Jason D Christie.;David A Asch.
来源: Chest. 2010年137卷1期102-8页
Evidence that continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) reduces cardiovascular morbidity comes largely from observational studies. This association may be confounded if CPAP adherents are healthier in ways not measured by investigators. We assessed whether patients adhering to lipid-lowering medications were more adherent to CPAP.
2683. High lung allocation score is associated with increased morbidity and mortality following transplantation.
作者: Mark J Russo.;Alexander Iribarne.;Kimberly N Hong.;Ryan R Davies.;Steve Xydas.;Hiroo Takayama.;Ali Ibrahimiye.;Annetine C Gelijns.;Matthew D Bacchetta.;Frank D'Ovidio.;Selim Arcasoy.;Joshua R Sonett.
来源: Chest. 2010年137卷3期651-7页
The lung allocation score (LAS) was initiated in May 2005 to allocate lungs based on medical urgency and posttransplant survival. The purpose of this study was to determine if there is an association between an elevated LAS at the time of transplantation and increased postoperative morbidity and mortality.
2685. Sputum trace metals are biomarkers of inflammatory and suppurative lung disease.
作者: Robert D Gray.;Andrew Duncan.;Donald Noble.;Margaret Imrie.;Dennis St J O'Reilly.;J Alastair Innes.;David J Porteous.;Andrew P Greening.;A Christopher Boyd.
来源: Chest. 2010年137卷3期635-41页
Induced sputum cytology and protein biomarkers can be used to assess airways inflammation. Increases in sputum iron have been described in inflammatory lung disease. We hypothesized that other sputum metals may be affected by airways inflammation and investigated their potential value as biomarkers.
2686. Antibiotic use in the management of pulmonary nodules.
作者: Saira Khokhar.;Svetlana Mironov.;Venkatraman E Seshan.;Diane E Stover.;Rohit Khirbat.;Marc B Feinstein.
来源: Chest. 2010年137卷2期369-75页
Pulmonary nodules are common incidental findings on thoracic imaging examinations. This study sought to determine whether antibiotic use is associated with any improvement in nodule appearance and to identify clinical findings and nodule characteristics potentially influencing the decision to prescribe antibiotics.
2687. Patient-specific, time-varying predictors of post-ICU informal caregiver burden: the caregiver outcomes after ICU discharge project.
作者: David C Van Pelt.;Richard Schulz.;Lakshmipathi Chelluri.;Michael R Pinsky.
来源: Chest. 2010年137卷1期88-94页
The outcomes of informal caregivers of survivors of critical illness likely depend on patient characteristics, which may change over time. To date, few studies have examined patient-specific predictors of post-ICU informal caregiver burden, and none has tested whether predictors vary after hospital discharge.
2688. Predictors of symptoms of posttraumatic stress and depression in family members after patient death in the ICU.
作者: Cynthia J Gries.;Ruth A Engelberg.;Erin K Kross.;Doug Zatzick.;Elizabeth L Nielsen.;Lois Downey.;J Randall Curtis.
来源: Chest. 2010年137卷2期280-7页
Patients' deaths in the ICU have been associated with a high burden of psychologic symptoms in families. This study identifies characteristics associated with psychologic symptoms in family members.
2689. Multiplex molecular detection of respiratory pathogens in children with asthma exacerbation.
作者: Ting Fan Leung.;Man Yin To.;Apple C M Yeung.;Yun Sze Wong.;Gary W K Wong.;Paul K S Chan.
来源: Chest. 2010年137卷2期348-54页
Up to 80% of asthma exacerbations in white children are associated with viral upper respiratory infections. The relative importance of different respiratory pathogens and relevant microbiological data in Asian children are unclear. This study elucidated the epidemiology of respiratory infections in Hong Kong children with asthma exacerbation.
2690. Incidence, prevalence, and clinical course of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a population-based study.
作者: Evans R Fernández Pérez.;Craig E Daniels.;Darrell R Schroeder.;Jennifer St Sauver.;Thomas E Hartman.;Brian J Bartholmai.;Eunhee S Yi.;Jay H Ryu.
来源: Chest. 2010年137卷1期129-37页
Limited data exist regarding the population-based epidemiology of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The objective of the study was to describe the trends in the incidence, prevalence, and clinical course of IPF in the community.
2691. Neutrophils are the predominant infected phagocytic cells in the airways of patients with active pulmonary TB.
作者: Seok-Yong Eum.;Ji-Hye Kong.;Min-Sun Hong.;Ye-Jin Lee.;Jin-Hee Kim.;Soo-Hee Hwang.;Sang-Nae Cho.;Laura E Via.;Clifton E Barry.
来源: Chest. 2010年137卷1期122-8页
The exact role of neutrophils in the pathogenesis of TB is poorly understood. Recent evidence suggests that neutrophils are not simply scavenging phagocytes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection.
2692. Efficacy and safety of low dose recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator for the treatment of acute pulmonary thromboembolism: a randomized, multicenter, controlled trial.
作者: Chen Wang.;Zhenguo Zhai.;Yuanhua Yang.;Qi Wu.;Zhaozhong Cheng.;Lirong Liang.;Huaping Dai.;Kewu Huang.;Weixuan Lu.;Zhonghe Zhang.;Xiansheng Cheng.;Ying H Shen.; .
来源: Chest. 2010年137卷2期254-62页
Optimal dosing of the recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) is important in treating pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE). The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of a 50 mg/2 h rt-PA regimen with a 100 mg/2 h rt-PA regimen in patients with acute PTE.
2693. Performance of American Thoracic Society-recommended spirometry reference values in a multiethnic sample of adults: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis (MESA) lung study.
作者: John L Hankinson.;Steven M Kawut.;Eyal Shahar.;Lewis J Smith.;Karen Hinckley Stukovsky.;R Graham Barr.
来源: Chest. 2010年137卷1期138-45页
The American Thoracic Society recommends race-specific spirometric reference values from the National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHANES) III for clinical evaluation of pulmonary function in whites, African-Americans, and Mexican-Americans in the United States and a correction factor of 0.94 for Asian-Americans. We aimed to validate the NHANES III reference equations and the correction factor for Asian-Americans in an independent, multiethnic sample of US adults.
2694. Genetics of COPD and emphysema.
COPD is a highly prevalent disorder that results from the interplay of genetic susceptibility and environmental exposures. Over the past 2 decades, significant technological advances have been made in genetic investigations of complex diseases, yet limited progress has been made in the identification of additional COPD susceptibility genes. Genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity, limited power due to modest study population sizes, and significant modification of genetic effects by environmental factors pose significant challenges in COPD and emphysema genetic studies. More refined characterization of the emphysema and airway components of COPD can now be obtained through the systematic use of CT scans. These improved phenotypes can be applied in genome-wide association studies and will likely lead to the discovery of additional susceptibility loci and therapeutic targets.
2695. Patient-reported dyspnea in COPD reliability and association with stage of disease.
作者: Donald A Mahler.;Joseph Ward.;Laurie A Waterman.;Corliss McCusker.;Richard ZuWallack.;John C Baird.
来源: Chest. 2009年136卷6期1473-1479页
Although questionnaires are used frequently with patients to self-report the severity of dyspnea as related to activities of daily living, the reliability of these instruments has not been established. The two purposes of this study were to examine the test-retest reliability of three widely used dyspnea instruments and to compare dyspnea scores at different stages of disease.
2697. Potential for response bias in family surveys about end-of-life care in the ICU.
作者: Erin K Kross.;Ruth A Engelberg.;Sarah E Shannon.;J Randall Curtis.
来源: Chest. 2009年136卷6期1496-1502页
After-death surveys are an important source of information about the quality of end-of-life care, but response rates generally are low. Our goal was to understand the potential for nonresponse bias in survey studies of family members after a patient's death in the hospital ICU by identifying differences in patient demographics and delivery of palliative care between patients whose families respond to a survey about end-of-life care and those whose families do not.
2698. Obesity-asthma association: is it explained by systemic oxidant stress?
作者: Akshay Sood.;Clifford Qualls.;Alexander Arynchyn.;William S Beckett.;Myron D Gross.;Michael W Steffes.;Lewis J Smith.;Paul Holvoet.;Bharat Thyagarajan.;David R Jacobs.
来源: Chest. 2009年136卷4期1055-1062页
The mechanism for the obesity-asthma association is unknown. This study evaluated the hypothesis that systemic oxidant stress explains this association.
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