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241. Toward understanding tight glycemic control in the ICU: a systematic review and metaanalysis.
Following publication of the Leuven Intensive Insulin Therapy Trial in 2001, tight glycemic control became the standard of care in ICUs around the world. Recent studies suggest that this approach may be flawed. The goal of this systematic review was to determine the benefits and risks of tight glycemic control in ICU patients and to explain the differences in outcomes among reported trials.
242. Inhaled corticosteroids vs placebo for preventing COPD exacerbations: a systematic review and metaregression of randomized controlled trials.
作者: Ritesh Agarwal.;Ashutosh N Aggarwal.;Dheeraj Gupta.;Surinder K Jindal.
来源: Chest. 2010年137卷2期318-25页
Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) have been shown to decrease the occurrence of COPD exacerbations. However, the relationship of baseline lung function and reduction of exacerbations with the use of ICS remains unknown. Herein, we perform a metaregression to evaluate the efficacy of ICS in preventing COPD exacerbations.
243. Progressive resistance exercise improves muscle strength and may improve elements of performance of daily activities for people with COPD: a systematic review.
Skeletal muscle weakness and its impact on exercise tolerance in many people with COPD provide a rationale for the intervention of progressive resistance exercise during pulmonary rehabilitation. To optimize rehabilitation outcomes, clinicians prescribing resistance programs require up-to-date information on effectiveness, safety, and feasibility. Therefore, the review aimed to update the current evidence for progressive resistance exercise for people with COPD.
244. Acetaminophen use and the risk of asthma in children and adults: a systematic review and metaanalysis.
作者: Mahyar Etminan.;Mohsen Sadatsafavi.;Siavash Jafari.;Mimi Doyle-Waters.;Kevin Aminzadeh.;J Mark FitzGerald.
来源: Chest. 2009年136卷5期1316-1323页
Epidemiologic studies have identified an increased risk of asthma with acetaminophen use, but the results have been conflicting. We sought to quantify the association between acetaminophen use and the risk of asthma in children and adults.
245. Safety and efficacy of combined long-acting beta-agonists and inhaled corticosteroids vs long-acting beta-agonists monotherapy for stable COPD: a systematic review.
Current guidelines recommend the use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) added to long-acting beta(2)-agonists (LABAs) for treatment of symptomatic patients with severe and very severe COPD. However, the evidence has been inconclusive. The aim of this review was to assess the safety and efficacy of LABAs/ICSs compared with LABA monotherapy for patients with moderate-to-very severe COPD.
246. Impending paradoxical embolism: systematic review of prognostic factors and treatment.
作者: Patrick O Myers.;Henri Bounameaux.;Aristotelis Panos.;René Lerch.;Afksendiyos Kalangos.
来源: Chest. 2010年137卷1期164-70页
Little is known about the optimal management of impending paradoxical embolism (IPDE), a biatrial thromboembolus caught in transit across a patent foramen ovale. Our aim was to review observational studies on this subject to identify prognostic factors and to compare mortality and systemic embolism between treatments.
247. Determinants of hypercapnia in obese patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review and metaanalysis of cohort studies.
作者: Roop Kaw.;Adrian V Hernandez.;Esteban Walker.;Loutfi Aboussouan.;Babak Mokhlesi.
来源: Chest. 2009年136卷3期787-796页
Inconsistent information exists about factors associated with daytime hypercapnia in obese patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We systematically evaluated these factors in this population.
248. Troponin-based risk stratification of patients with acute nonmassive pulmonary embolism: systematic review and metaanalysis.
作者: David Jiménez.;Fernando Uresandi.;Remedios Otero.;José Luis Lobo.;Manuel Monreal.;David Martí.;Javier Zamora.;Alfonso Muriel.;Drahomir Aujesky.;Roger D Yusen.
来源: Chest. 2009年136卷4期974-982页
Controversy exists regarding the usefulness of troponin testing for the risk stratification of patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE). We conducted an updated systematic review and a metaanalysis of troponin-based risk stratification of normotensive patients with acute symptomatic PE. The sources of our data were publications listed in Medline and Embase from 1980 through April 2008 and a review of cited references in those publications.
249. Statins in COPD: a systematic review.
作者: Surinder Janda.;Kirly Park.;J Mark FitzGerald.;Mahyar Etminan.;John Swiston.
来源: Chest. 2009年136卷3期734-743页
The 3-hydroxy 3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (ie, statins) are widely used for the treatment of patients with hypercholesterolemia and cardiovascular disease. Emerging evidence suggests a beneficial effect of statins on the morbidity and mortality of patients with COPD. The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review of the literature evaluating the effect of statin therapy on outcomes in patients with COPD.
250. Effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation of muscles of ambulation in patients with chronic heart failure or COPD: a systematic review of the English-language literature.
作者: Maurice J H Sillen.;Caroline M Speksnijder.;Rose-Miek A Eterman.;Paul P Janssen.;Scott S Wagers.;Emiel F M Wouters.;Nicole H M K Uszko-Lencer.;Martijn A Spruit.
来源: Chest. 2009年136卷1期44-61页
Despite optimal drug treatment, many patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) or COPD still experience disabling dyspnea, fatigue, and exercise intolerance. They also exhibit significant changes in body composition. Attempts to rehabilitate these patients are often futile because conventional exercise-training modalities are limited by the severity of exertional dyspnea. Therefore, there is substantial interest in new training modalities that do not evoke dyspnea, such as transcutaneous neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES).
251. Should FEV1/FEV6 replace FEV1/FVC ratio to detect airway obstruction? A metaanalysis.
The conventional FEV(1)/FVC test is the "gold standard" to quantitate airway obstruction, but elderly subjects or patients with severe respiratory diseases quite frequently cannot make such an effort. Many studies have investigated the usefulness of FEV(1)/forced expired volume in 6 s (FEV(6)) measurements as an alternative for FEV(1)/FVC for diagnosis of airway obstruction. We conducted a meta-analysis to determine the FEV(1)/FEV(6) substitute for FEV(1)/FVC in the diagnosis of airway obstruction.
252. Systematic review and metaanalysis: urinary antigen tests for Legionellosis.
作者: Toshihiko Shimada.;Yoshinori Noguchi.;Jeffrey L Jackson.;Jun Miyashita.;Yasuaki Hayashino.;Toru Kamiya.;Shin Yamazaki.;Tadashi Matsumura.;Shunichi Fukuhara.
来源: Chest. 2009年136卷6期1576-1585页
Urinary antigen assays offer simplicity and rapidity in diagnosing Legionnaires' disease, though studies report a range of sensitivities. We conducted a systematic review to assess the test characteristics of Legionella urinary antigen.
253. Continuing medical education effect on clinical outcomes: effectiveness of continuing medical education: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Educational Guidelines.
As opportunities for quality improvement become more visible, educational planners, health services researchers, and policymakers search for strategies that lead to better clinical outcomes. Continuing medical education (CME) is one such strategy, but the impact of CME is poorly defined in relation to clinical outcomes, and efforts to standardize definitions of clinical outcomes are in varied stages of development.
254. Continuing medical education effect on physician knowledge application and psychomotor skills: effectiveness of continuing medical education: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Educational Guidelines.
Recommendations for optimizing continuing medical education (CME) effectiveness in improving physician application of knowledge and psychomotor skills are needed to guide the development of processes that effect physician change and improve patient care.
255. Antiinflammatory effects of long-acting beta2-agonists in patients with asthma: a systematic review and metaanalysis.
Long-acting beta(2)-agonists (LABAs) are recommended as add-on therapy to antiinflammatory treatment in patients with chronic persistent asthma. Results from individual studies evaluating the in vivo antiinflammatory effect of LABAs are conflicting. The purpose of this metaanalysis was to determine whether LABAs have an in vivo antiinflammatory effect compared to placebo and whether the addition of a LABA to therapy with inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) has a synergistic or additive antiinflammatory effect.
256. Second-line treatments in non-small cell lung cancer. A systematic review of literature and metaanalysis of randomized clinical trials.
作者: Davide Tassinari.;Emanuela Scarpi.;Sergio Sartori.;Emiliano Tamburini.;Carlotta Santelmo.;Paola Tombesi.;Luigi Lazzari-Agli.
来源: Chest. 2009年135卷6期1596-1609页
To assess the efficacy of second-line treatments in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
257. Diagnosis and management of work-related asthma: American College Of Chest Physicians Consensus Statement.
作者: Susan M Tarlo.;John Balmes.;Ronald Balkissoon.;Jeremy Beach.;William Beckett.;David Bernstein.;Paul D Blanc.;Stuart M Brooks.;Clayton T Cowl.;Feroza Daroowalla.;Philip Harber.;Catherine Lemiere.;Gary M Liss.;Karin A Pacheco.;Carrie A Redlich.;Brian Rowe.;Julia Heitzer.
来源: Chest. 2008年134卷3 Suppl期1S-41S页
A previous American College of Chest Physicians Consensus Statement on asthma in the workplace was published in 1995. The current Consensus Statement updates the previous one based on additional research that has been published since then, including findings relevant to preventive measures and work-exacerbated asthma (WEA).
258. Prevalence of pulmonary embolism in acute exacerbations of COPD: a systematic review and metaanalysis.
Nearly 30% of all exacerbations of COPD do not have a clear etiology. Although pulmonary embolism (PE) can exacerbate respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea and chest pain, and COPD patients are at a high risk for PE due to a variety of factors including limited mobility, inflammation, and comorbidities, the prevalence of PE during exacerbations is uncertain.
259. Statins and interstitial lung disease: a systematic review of the literature and of food and drug administration adverse event reports.
作者: Antonio B Fernández.;Richard H Karas.;Alawi A Alsheikh-Ali.;Paul D Thompson.
来源: Chest. 2008年134卷4期824-830页
To systematically review all published case reports and the US Food and Drug Administration adverse event reporting (FDA-AER) database to examine the relationship between statins and interstitial lung disease (ILD).
260. Prevention of venous thromboembolism in neurosurgery: a metaanalysis.
作者: Jacob F Collen.;Jeffrey L Jackson.;Andrew F Shorr.;Lisa K Moores.
来源: Chest. 2008年134卷2期237-249页
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is an important complication of neurosurgery. Current guidelines recommend pharmacologic prophylaxis in this setting with either unfractionated heparin or low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH). We conducted a systematic review asking, "Among patients undergoing neurosurgical procedures, how safe and effective is the prophylactic use of heparin and mechanical devices?"
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