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221. Efficacy and safety of incretin therapy in type 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Pharmacotherapies that augment the incretin pathway have recently become available, but their role in the management of type 2 diabetes is not well defined.
222. Clinical response and risk for reported suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in pediatric antidepressant treatment: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
作者: Jeffrey A Bridge.;Satish Iyengar.;Cheryl B Salary.;Rémy P Barbe.;Boris Birmaher.;Harold Alan Pincus.;Lulu Ren.;David A Brent.
来源: JAMA. 2007年297卷15期1683-96页
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued warnings that use of antidepressant medications poses a small but significantly increased risk of suicidal ideation/suicide attempt for children and adolescents.
223. Late vs early clamping of the umbilical cord in full-term neonates: systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials.
With few exceptions, the umbilical cord of every newborn is clamped and cut at birth, yet the optimal timing for this intervention remains controversial.
224. Mortality in randomized trials of antioxidant supplements for primary and secondary prevention: systematic review and meta-analysis.
作者: Goran Bjelakovic.;Dimitrinka Nikolova.;Lise Lotte Gluud.;Rosa G Simonetti.;Christian Gluud.
来源: JAMA. 2007年297卷8期842-57页
Antioxidant supplements are used for prevention of several diseases.
225. Effect of folic acid supplementation on risk of cardiovascular diseases: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Epidemiologic studies have suggested that folate intake decreases risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, the results of randomized controlled trials on dietary supplementation with folic acid to date have been inconsistent.
226. Adverse effects of cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors on renal and arrhythmia events: meta-analysis of randomized trials.
Adverse effects of selective cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitors on renal events and arrhythmia have been controversial, with suggestions of a class effect.
227. Cardiovascular risk and inhibition of cyclooxygenase: a systematic review of the observational studies of selective and nonselective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase 2.
Evidence that rofecoxib increases the risk of myocardial infarction has led to scrutiny of other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Regulatory agencies have provided variable advice regarding the cardiovascular risks with older nonselective NSAIDs.
228. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa and North America: a meta-analysis.
作者: Edward J Mills.;Jean B Nachega.;Iain Buchan.;James Orbinski.;Amir Attaran.;Sonal Singh.;Beth Rachlis.;Ping Wu.;Curtis Cooper.;Lehana Thabane.;Kumanan Wilson.;Gordon H Guyatt.;David R Bangsberg.
来源: JAMA. 2006年296卷6期679-90页
Adherence to antiretroviral therapy is a powerful predictor of survival for individuals living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and AIDS. Concerns about incomplete adherence among patients living in poverty have been an important consideration in expanding the access to antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa.
229. Effects of quality improvement strategies for type 2 diabetes on glycemic control: a meta-regression analysis.
作者: Kaveh G Shojania.;Sumant R Ranji.;Kathryn M McDonald.;Jeremy M Grimshaw.;Vandana Sundaram.;Robert J Rushakoff.;Douglas K Owens.
来源: JAMA. 2006年296卷4期427-40页
There have been numerous reports of interventions designed to improve the care of patients with diabetes, but the effectiveness of such interventions is unclear.
230. Anti-TNF antibody therapy in rheumatoid arthritis and the risk of serious infections and malignancies: systematic review and meta-analysis of rare harmful effects in randomized controlled trials.
作者: Tim Bongartz.;Alex J Sutton.;Michael J Sweeting.;Iain Buchan.;Eric L Matteson.;Victor Montori.
来源: JAMA. 2006年295卷19期2275-85页
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) plays an important role in host defense and tumor growth control. Therefore, anti-TNF antibody therapies may increase the risk of serious infections and malignancies.
231. Nonhormonal therapies for menopausal hot flashes: systematic review and meta-analysis.
作者: Heidi D Nelson.;Kimberly K Vesco.;Elizabeth Haney.;Rongwei Fu.;Anne Nedrow.;Jill Miller.;Christina Nicolaidis.;Miranda Walker.;Linda Humphrey.
来源: JAMA. 2006年295卷17期2057-71页
Concern regarding the adverse effects of estrogen and other hormones for treating menopausal symptoms has led to demand for other options; however, the efficacy and adverse effects of nonhormonal therapies are unclear.
232. Effects of early treatment with statins on short-term clinical outcomes in acute coronary syndromes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
作者: Matthias Briel.;Gregory G Schwartz.;Peter L Thompson.;James A de Lemos.;Michael A Blazing.;Gerrit-Anne van Es.;Meral Kayikçioglu.;Hans-Richard Arntz.;Frank R den Hartog.;Nic J G M Veeger.;Furio Colivicchi.;Jocelyn Dupuis.;Shinya Okazaki.;R Scott Wright.;Heiner C Bucher.;Alain J Nordmann.
来源: JAMA. 2006年295卷17期2046-56页
The short-term effects of early treatment with statins in patients after the onset of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) for the outcomes of death, myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke are unclear.
233. Pacemaker and ICD generator reliability: meta-analysis of device registries.
Despite there being millions of pacemaker and implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) generator implants worldwide, little is known about device reliability.
234. Birth spacing and risk of adverse perinatal outcomes: a meta-analysis.
作者: Agustin Conde-Agudelo.;Anyeli Rosas-Bermúdez.;Ana Cecilia Kafury-Goeta.
来源: JAMA. 2006年295卷15期1809-23页
Both short and long interpregnancy intervals have been associated with an increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes. However, whether this possible association is confounded by maternal characteristics or socioeconomic status is uncertain.
235. Sex differences of endogenous sex hormones and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Inconsistent data suggest that endogenous sex hormones may have a role in sex-dependent etiologies of type 2 diabetes, such that hyperandrogenism may increase risk in women while decreasing risk in men.
236. Aspirin for the primary prevention of cardiovascular events in women and men: a sex-specific meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
作者: Jeffrey S Berger.;Maria C Roncaglioni.;Fausto Avanzini.;Ierta Pangrazzi.;Gianni Tognoni.;David L Brown.
来源: JAMA. 2006年295卷3期306-13页
Aspirin therapy reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease in adults who are at increased risk. However, it is unclear if women derive the same benefit as men.
237. Statins and cancer risk: a meta-analysis.
作者: Krista M Dale.;Craig I Coleman.;Nickole N Henyan.;Jeffrey Kluger.;C Michael White.
来源: JAMA. 2006年295卷1期74-80页
Statins are cholesterol-lowering drugs that have been proven in randomized controlled trials to prevent cardiac events. Recent retrospective analyses have suggested that statins also prevent cancer.
238. Noninvasive ventilation in acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema: systematic review and meta-analysis.
作者: Josep Masip.;Marta Roque.;Bernat Sánchez.;Rafael Fernández.;Mireia Subirana.;José Angel Expósito.
来源: JAMA. 2005年294卷24期3124-30页
In patients with acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema noninvasive ventilation may reduce intubation rate, but the impact on mortality and the superiority of one technique over another have not been clearly established.
239. Risk of death with atypical antipsychotic drug treatment for dementia: meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials.
Atypical antipsychotic medications are widely used to treat delusions, aggression, and agitation in people with Alzheimer disease and other dementia; however, concerns have arisen about the increased risk for cerebrovascular adverse events, rapid cognitive decline, and mortality with their use.
240. Plasma fibrinogen level and the risk of major cardiovascular diseases and nonvascular mortality: an individual participant meta-analysis.
作者: .;John Danesh.;Sarah Lewington.;Simon G Thompson.;Gordon D O Lowe.;Rory Collins.;J B Kostis.;A C Wilson.;A R Folsom.;K Wu.;M Benderly.;U Goldbourt.;J Willeit.;S Kiechl.;J W G Yarnell.;P M Sweetnam.;P C Elwood.;M Cushman.;B M Psaty.;R P Tracy.;A Tybjaerg-Hansen.;F Haverkate.;M P M de Maat.;F G R Fowkes.;A J Lee.;F B Smith.;V Salomaa.;K Harald.;R Rasi.;E Vahtera.;P Jousilahti.;J Pekkanen.;R D'Agostino.;W B Kannel.;P W F Wilson.;G Tofler.;C L Arocha-Piñango.;A Rodriguez-Larralde.;E Nagy.;M Mijares.;R Espinosa.;E Rodriquez-Roa.;E Ryder.;M P Diez-Ewald.;G Campos.;V Fernandez.;E Torres.;R Marchioli.;F Valagussa.;A Rosengren.;L Wilhelmsen.;G Lappas.;H Eriksson.;P Cremer.;D Nagel.;J D Curb.;B Rodriguez.;K Yano.;J T Salonen.;K Nyyssönen.;T-P Tuomainen.;B Hedblad.;P Lind.;H Loewel.;W Koenig.;T W Meade.;J A Cooper.;B De Stavola.;C Knottenbelt.;G J Miller.;J A Cooper.;K A Bauer.;R D Rosenberg.;S Sato.;A Kitamura.;Y Naito.;T Palosuo.;P Ducimetiere.;P Amouyel.;D Arveiler.;A E Evans.;J Ferrieres.;I Juhan-Vague.;A Bingham.;H Schulte.;G Assmann.;B Cantin.;B Lamarche.;J-P Després.;G R Dagenais.;H Tunstall-Pedoe.;M Woodward.;Y Ben-Shlomo.;G Davey Smith.;V Palmieri.;J L Yeh.;A Rudnicka.;P Ridker.;F Rodeghiero.;A Tosetto.;J Shepherd.;I Ford.;M Robertson.;E Brunner.;M Shipley.;E J M Feskens.;D Kromhout.;A Dickinson.;B Ireland.;K Juzwishin.;S Kaptoge.;S Lewington.;A Memon.;N Sarwar.;M Walker.;J Wheeler.;I White.;A Wood.
来源: JAMA. 2005年294卷14期1799-809页
Plasma fibrinogen levels may be associated with the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke.
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