This study investigates the protective effects of citraconic acid (CA) on radiation-induced intestinal injury (RIII) and elucidates its relationship with the interleukin-17 (IL-17) signaling pathway.

Gastric bronchogenic cyst constitutes a rare form of ectopic bronchogenic cyst, with an estimated incidence of less than 1 in 68,000 to 1 in 42,000. This study reported a case who was preoperatively misdiagnosed as gastrointestinal stromal tumor and reviewed the literature on gastric bronchogenic cyst to summarize its clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, pathological manifestations, and prognosis.

No consensus exists on optimal post-conversion therapy for initially unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC) patients responding to a combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). This study evaluated surgical benefits and prognostic factors in such patients.

Chronic colonic inflammation can lead to colitis-associated cancer (CAC) in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. The host-microbiome interface plays a critical role in CAC development. Quorum-sensing molecules (QSMs) are bacterial products that regulate bacterial processes. We investigated whether QSMs are related to risk factors for CAC in UC patients and drive CAC development in mouse models.

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic, progressive autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells, progressive fibrosis, and the expression of anti-mitochondrial antibodies. Although ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) can significantly improve liver biochemical parameters and delay disease progression as a first-line treatment, 40% of patients still have a poor response to UDCA treatment. Inflammation involving different regions of the hepatic lobule may be related to the therapeutic effect of UDCA. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between liver inflammation zones and UDCA treatment response in PBC patients, and to further analyze the predictive value of liver lobular zones for treatment response.

Precise staging is essential for treatment options and patient benefits in individuals with unresectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Laparoscopic biopsy is a minimally invasive procedure used to identify radiographically occult metastases and accurately stage unresectable PDAC. The cancer antigen 125 (CA125) levels change rule after laparoscopic biopsy and its correlation with overall survival (OS) in patients with unresectable PDAC remains unclear.

The underlying mechanisms of incomplete response to ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) therapy in patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and potential mechanisms of hepatobiliary (HB) cells in PBC patients with an incomplete response to UDCA.

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) remains a cause of gastrointestinal mortality despite advances in Helicobacter pylori eradication and gastroprotection.

Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a critical gastrointestinal disorder associated with high mortality. Dysregulated ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death, is recognized as a pivotal mechanism driving SAP progression. Although Homoplantaginin (Homo) exhibits notable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, its specific role in modulating ferroptosis during SAP remains unclear.

Total bilirubin (TB) has been regarded as a key prognostic factor for patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), yet the prognostic significance of direct bilirubin (DB) is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of DB in predicting outcomes in patients with PBC.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCA) represents a prevalent, highly aggressive malignancy of the digestive tract. Notably, both its proliferation and metastatic dissemination are facilitated by the tumor microenvironment (TME). One intriguing option for non-invasive biomarkers has been found to be miRNA. MicroRNA-21-5P is an essential regulator of biological processes such as the growth, migration, invasion, and metastasis of some malignancies. The prediction software successfully identified CNTFR as the putative target gene for miR-21-5P. To confirm this interaction, a luciferase reporter gene test was conducted to assess the binding of miR-21-5P to CNTFR. By using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), in comparison to normally adjacent tissues, the tumor tissues of patients with ESCA exhibited elevated relative expression amounts of miR-21-5P and decreased relative expression amounts of CNTFR. Furthermore, miR-21-5P mimics were able to drastically lower the CNTFR gene level, as demonstrated by RT-qPCR and western blot. On the other hand, esophageal cancer cells' expression of CNTFR can be markedly elevated by miR-21-5P inhibitors. Within the context of this research, the association between miR-21-5p and CNTFR was established through bioinformatics, luciferase reporter gene, CCK-8, EdU, transwell, flow cytometry, qRT-PCR, and WB analysis. In summary, our work identifies the miR-21-5p suppresses CNTFR expression to promote ESCA cell proliferation, invasion, and migration; these findings highlight the miR-21-5p/CNTFR axis as a promising candidate for non-invasive diagnostic biomarker development and targeted therapeutic strategy optimization in ESCA.

Sulfotransferase family 1E member 1 (SULT1E1) is a key estrogen-metabolizing enzyme whose dysregulation has been implicated in several hormone-related malignancies. However, its expression pattern, biological function, and clinical significance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain poorly understood.

Cisplatin plus 5-fluorouracil (CF) remains a cornerstone of treatment for locally-advanced esophageal cancer (EC). However, resistance to CF-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) remains a major clinical challenge. Clarifying whether resistance-associated molecular features are induced by treatment or already present before therapy is crucial for improving patient stratification.

Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and its composite parameters have been proposed as surrogate indicators of insulin resistance. However, their association with metabolic dysfunction–associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) among older adults living at moderate altitude remains insufficiently examined. The present study aims to investigate the association between TyG-related indices and MAFLD in this population and to identify the optimal screening indicator.