201. Hemostatic efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of a recombinant von Willebrand factor in severe von Willebrand disease.
作者: Joan C Gill.;Giancarlo Castaman.;Jerzy Windyga.;Peter Kouides.;Margaret Ragni.;Frank W G Leebeek.;Ortrun Obermann-Slupetzky.;Miranda Chapman.;Sandor Fritsch.;Borislava G Pavlova.;Isabella Presch.;Bruce Ewenstein.
来源: Blood. 2015年126卷17期2038-46页
This phase 3 trial evaluated the safety and hemostatic efficacy of a recombinant von Willebrand factor (rVWF) for treatment of bleeds in severe von Willebrand disease (VWD). rVWF was initially administered together with recombinant factor VIII (rFVIII) and subsequently alone, as long as hemostatic factor VIII activity (FVIII : C) levels were maintained. Pharmacokinetics (PK) were evaluated in a randomized cross-over design (rVWF vs rVWF:rFVIII at 50 IU VWF:ristocetin cofactor activity [RCo]/kg). Bleed control for all treated bleeds (N = 192 bleeds in 22 subjects) was rated good or excellent (96.9% excellent; 119 of 122 minor, 59 of 61 moderate, and 6 of 7 major bleeds) on a 4-point scale (4 = none to 1 = excellent). A single infusion was effective in 81.8% of bleeds. Treatment success, defined as the number of subjects with a mean efficacy rating of <2.5, was 100%. The PK profile of rVWF was not influenced by rFVIII (mean VWF:RCo terminal half-life: 21.9 hours for rVWF and 19.6 hours for rVWF:rFVIII). FVIII : C levels increased rapidly after rVWF alone, with hemostatic levels achieved within 6 hours and sustained through 72 hours after infusion. Eight adverse events (AEs; 6 nonserious AEs in 4 subjects and 2 serious AEs [chest discomfort and increased heart rate, without cardiac symptomatology] concurrently in 1 subject) were associated with rVWF. There were no thrombotic events or severe allergic reactions. No VWF or FVIII inhibitors, anti-VWF binding antibodies, or antibodies against host cell proteins were detected. These results show that rVWF was safe and effective in treating bleeds in VWD patients and stabilizes endogenous FVIII : C, which may eliminate the need for rFVIII after the first infusion. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01410227.
202. A multicenter randomized controlled trial of intravenous magnesium for sickle cell pain crisis in children.
作者: David C Brousseau.;J Paul Scott.;Oluwakemi Badaki-Makun.;Deepika S Darbari.;Corrie E Chumpitazi.;Gladstone E Airewele.;Angela M Ellison.;Kim Smith-Whitley.;Prashant Mahajan.;Sharada A Sarnaik.;T Charles Casper.;Lawrence J Cook.;J Michael Dean.;Julie Leonard.;Monica L Hulbert.;Elizabeth C Powell.;Robert I Liem.;Robert Hickey.;Lakshmanan Krishnamurti.;Cheryl A Hillery.;Mark Nimmer.;Julie A Panepinto.; .
来源: Blood. 2015年126卷14期1651-7页
Magnesium, a vasodilator, anti-inflammatory, and pain reliever, could alter the pathophysiology of sickle cell pain crises. We hypothesized that intravenous magnesium would shorten length of stay, decrease opioid use, and improve health-related quality of life (HRQL) for pediatric patients hospitalized with sickle cell pain crises. The Magnesium for Children in Crisis (MAGiC) study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of intravenous magnesium vs normal saline placebo conducted at 8 sites within the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN). Children 4 to 21 years old with hemoglobin SS or Sβ(0) thalassemia requiring hospitalization for pain were eligible. Children received 40 mg/kg of magnesium or placebo every 8 hours for up to 6 doses plus standard therapy. The primary outcome was length of stay in hours from the time of first study drug infusion, compared using a Van Elteren test. Secondary outcomes included opioid use and HRQL. Of 208 children enrolled, 204 received the study drug (101 magnesium, 103 placebo). Between-group demographics and prerandomization treatment were similar. The median interquartile range (IQR) length of stay was 56.0 (27.0-109.0) hours for magnesium vs 47.0 (24.0-99.0) hours for placebo (P = .24). Magnesium patients received 1.46 mg/kg morphine equivalents vs 1.28 mg/kg for placebo (P = .12). Changes in HRQL before discharge and 1 week after discharge were similar (P > .05 for all comparisons). The addition of intravenous magnesium did not shorten length of stay, reduce opioid use, or improve quality of life in children hospitalized for sickle cell pain crisis. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01197417.
203. Frontline rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and prednisone with bortezomib (VR-CAP) or vincristine (R-CHOP) for non-GCB DLBCL.
作者: Fritz Offner.;Olga Samoilova.;Evgenii Osmanov.;Hyeon-Seok Eom.;Max S Topp.;João Raposo.;Viacheslav Pavlov.;Deborah Ricci.;Shalini Chaturvedi.;Eugene Zhu.;Helgi van de Velde.;Christopher Enny.;Aleksandra Rizo.;Burhan Ferhanoglu.
来源: Blood. 2015年126卷16期1893-901页
This phase 2 study evaluated whether substituting bortezomib for vincristine in frontline rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) therapy could improve efficacy in non-germinal center B-cell-like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (non-GCB DLBCL), centrally confirmed by immunohistochemistry (Hans method). In total, 164 patients were randomized 1:1 to receive six 21-day cycles of rituximab 375 mg/m(2), cyclophosphamide 750 mg/m(2), and doxorubicin 50 mg/m(2), all IV day 1, prednisone 100 mg/m(2) orally days 1-5, plus either bortezomib 1.3 mg/m(2) IV days 1, 4, 8, 11 (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and prednisone with bortezomib [VR-CAP]; n = 84) or vincristine 1.4 mg/m(2) (maximum 2 mg) IV day 1 (R-CHOP; n = 80). There were no significant differences between VR-CAP and R-CHOP in complete response rate (64.5%, 66.2%; odds ratio [OR], 0.91; P = .80), overall response rate (93.4%, 98.6%; OR, 0.21; P = .11), progression-free survival (hazard ratio [HR], 1.12; P = .76), or overall survival (HR, 0.89; P = .75). Rates of grade ≥3 adverse events (AEs; 88%, 89%), serious AEs (38%, 34%), discontinuations due to AEs (7%, 3%), and deaths due to AEs (2%, 5%) were similar with VR-CAP and R-CHOP. Grade ≥3 peripheral neuropathy rates were 6% and 3%, respectively. VR-CAP did not improve efficacy vs R-CHOP in non-GCB DLBCL. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01040871.
204. The effect of long-term ruxolitinib treatment on JAK2p.V617F allele burden in patients with myelofibrosis.
作者: Michael Deininger.;Jerald Radich.;Timothy C Burn.;Reid Huber.;Dilan Paranagama.;Srdan Verstovsek.
来源: Blood. 2015年126卷13期1551-4页
The JAK2 c.1849G>T (p.V617F) mutation leads to constitutive activation of Janus kinase (JAK)2 and contributes to dysregulated JAK signaling in myelofibrosis (MF), polycythemia vera (PV), and essential thrombocythemia (ET). In the phase 3 Controlled Myelofibrosis Study with Oral JAK Inhibitor Treatment-I trial, patients with MF, post-PV MF, or post-ET MF achieved significant reductions in splenomegaly and improvements in symptoms with ruxolitinib vs placebo at week 24. This long-term follow-up analysis was performed to determine whether ruxolitinib therapy altered the JAK2p.V617F allele burden in JAK2p.V617F-positive patients. Assessments at baseline and weeks 24, 48, 120, 144, 168, and 216 demonstrated reductions in allele burden from baseline with ruxolitinib treatment that correlated with spleen volume reductions. Of 236 JAK2p.V617F-positive patients analyzed, 20 achieved partial and 6 achieved complete molecular responses, with median times to response of 22.2 and 27.5 months, respectively. Allele burden reductions were greater in patients with shorter disease duration, which suggests a potential benefit of earlier treatment. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT00952289.
205. Melphalan, prednisone, and thalidomide vs melphalan, prednisone, and lenalidomide (ECOG E1A06) in untreated multiple myeloma.
作者: A Keith Stewart.;Susanna Jacobus.;Rafael Fonseca.;Matthias Weiss.;Natalie S Callander.;Asher A Chanan-Khan.;S Vincent Rajkumar.
来源: Blood. 2015年126卷11期1294-301页
This phase 3 trial (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group [ECOG] E1A06) compared melphalan, prednisone, and thalidomide (MPT-T) with melphalan, prednisone, and lenalidomide (mPR-R) in patients with untreated multiple myeloma (MM). A noninferiority design was used, and inferiority was defined as a progression-free survival (PFS) hazard ratio (HR) of MPT-T/mPR-R ≤0.82. A total of 306 patients enrolled, with a median age of 75.7 years. Median follow-up was 40.7 months. Median time on therapy was 12.1 months and 23.1 months for the 46.6% of treated patients who received maintenance, with no differences by arm. Median PFS was 21 months on MPT-T and 18.7 months on mPR-R (HR, 0.84; 95% confidence interval, 0.64-1.09). Overall survival was 52.6 months (MPT-T) vs 47.7 months (mPR-R) (P = .476). Per-protocol response rates were 63.6% (MPT-T) and 59.9% (mPR-R) (P = .557). Grade ≥3 nonhematologic toxicity was 59.5% for MPT-T vs 40.0% for mPR-R (P = .001). Second malignancies were observed in 18 MPT-T patients vs 14 mPR-R patients. Quality-of-life analysis favored mPR-R by induction end (P = .007). Use of MPT-T or mPR-R in elderly patients with untreated MM demonstrates no statistical or clinically relevant differences in response rates, PFS, and OS; however, quality of life at end of induction was improved and lower toxicity reported with mPR-R. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT00602641.
206. Prognostic significance of minimal residual disease in high risk B-ALL: a report from Children's Oncology Group study AALL0232.
作者: Michael J Borowitz.;Brent L Wood.;Meenakshi Devidas.;Mignon L Loh.;Elizabeth A Raetz.;Wanda L Salzer.;James B Nachman.;Andrew J Carroll.;Nyla A Heerema.;Julie M Gastier-Foster.;Cheryl L Willman.;Yunfeng Dai.;Naomi J Winick.;Stephen P Hunger.;William L Carroll.;Eric Larsen.
来源: Blood. 2015年126卷8期964-71页
Minimal residual disease (MRD) is highly prognostic in pediatric B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). In Children's Oncology Group high-risk B-ALL study AALL0232, we investigated MRD in subjects randomized in a 2 × 2 factorial design to receive either high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX) or Capizzi methotrexate (C-MTX) during interim maintenance (IM) or prednisone or dexamethasone during induction. Subjects with end-induction MRD ≥0.1% or those with morphologic slow early response were nonrandomly assigned to receive a second IM and delayed intensification phase. MRD was measured by 6-color flow cytometry in 1 of 2 reference labs, with excellent agreement between the two. Subjects with end-induction MRD <0.01% had a 5-year event-free survival (EFS) of 87% ± 1% vs 74% ± 4% for those with MRD 0.01% to 0.1%; increasing MRD amounts was associated with progressively worse outcome. Subjects converting from MRD positive to negative by end consolidation had a relatively favorable 79% ± 5% 5-year disease-free survival vs 39% ± 7% for those with MRD ≥0.01%. Although HD-MTX was superior to C-MTX, MRD retained prognostic significance in both groups (86% ± 2% vs 58% ± 4% for MRD-negative vs positive C-MTX subjects; 88% ± 2% vs 68% ± 4% for HD-MTX subjects). Intensified therapy given to subjects with MRD >0.1% did not improve either 5-year EFS or overall survival (OS). However, these subjects showed an early relapse rate similar to that seen in MRD-negative ones, with EFS/OS curves for patients with 0.1% to 1% MRD crossing those with 0.01% to 0.1% MRD at 3 and 4 years, thus suggesting that the intensified therapy altered the disease course of MRD-positive subjects. Additional interventions targeted at the MRD-positive group may further improve outcome. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT00075725.
207. Salvage chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation for transformed indolent lymphoma: a subset analysis of NCIC CTG LY12.
作者: John Kuruvilla.;David A MacDonald.;C Tom Kouroukis.;Matthew Cheung.;Harold J Olney.;A Robert Turner.;Peter Anglin.;Matthew Seftel.;Walid Sabry Ismail.;Stefano Luminari.;Stephen Couban.;Tara Baetz.;Ralph M Meyer.;Annette E Hay.;Lois Shepherd.;Marina S Djurfeldt.;Sameer Alamoudi.;Bingshu E Chen.;Michael Crump.
来源: Blood. 2015年126卷6期733-8页
The treatment of transformed indolent lymphoma (TRIL) often includes salvage chemotherapy (SC) and autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT). NCIC CTG LY12 is a randomized phase 3 trial comparing gemcitabine, dexamethasone, and cisplatin (GDP) with dexamethasone, cytarabine, and cisplatin (DHAP) before ASCT. This analysis compares the results of SC and ASCT for TRIL with de novo diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Six-hundred nineteen patients with relapsed/refractory aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma were randomized to GDP or DHAP; 87 patients (14%) had TRIL and 429 (69%) had DLBCL. The response rate to SC was 47% in TRIL and 45% in DL (P = .81). Transplantation rates were similar: TRIL 53% and DL 52% (P = 1.0). With a median follow-up of 53 months, 4 year overall survival was 39% for TRIL and 41% for DL (P = .78); 4 year event-free survival (EFS) was 27% for TRIL and 27% for DL (P = .83). Post-ASCT, 4-year EFS was 45% for TRIL and 46% for DL. Histology (TRIL or DL) was not a predictor of any outcome in multivariate models. Patients with relapsed or refractory TRIL and DLBCL have similar outcomes with SC and ASCT; this therapy should be considered the standard of care for patients with TRIL who have received prior systemic chemotherapy. NCIC CTG LY12 is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as #NCT00078949.
208. High-dose cytarabine does not overcome the adverse prognostic value of CDKN2A and TP53 deletions in mantle cell lymphoma.
作者: Marie-Hélène Delfau-Larue.;Wolfram Klapper.;Françoise Berger.;Fabrice Jardin.;Josette Briere.;Gilles Salles.;Olivier Casasnovas.;Pierre Feugier.;Corinne Haioun.;Vincent Ribrag.;Catherine Thieblemont.;Michael Unterhalt.;Martin Dreyling.;Elizabeth Macintyre.;Christiane Pott.;Olivier Hermine.;Eva Hoster.; .
来源: Blood. 2015年126卷5期604-11页
We revisited the prognostic value of frequently detected somatic gene copy number alterations (CNAs) in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) patients treated first line with immunochemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT), with or without high-dose cytarabine, in the randomized European MCL Younger trial. DNA extracted from tumor material of 135 patients (median age, 56 years) was analyzed by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification and/or quantitative multiplex polymerase chain reaction of short fluorescent fragments. As expected, MYC (18%) was the more frequently gained, whereas RB1 (26%), ATM (25%), CDKN2A (p16) (25%), and TP53 (22%) were the more frequently deleted. Whether adjusted for MCL International Prognostic Index (MIPI) or not, deletions of RB1, CDKN2A, TP53, and CDKN1B were associated with shorter overall survival (OS), similarly in both treatment arms, whereas CNAs in MYC, ATM, CDK2, CDK4, and MDM2 had no prognostic value. Additive effects were seen for CDKN2A (hazard ratio, 2.3; P = .007, MIPI-adjusted) and TP53 deletions (hazard ratio, 2.4; P = .007), reflected in a dismal outcome with simultaneous deletions (median OS, 1.8 years) compared with single deletions (median OS, 4.3 and 5.1 years) or without these deletions (median OS, 7 years), again similarly in both treatment arms. The additive prognostic effects of CDKN2A and TP53 deletions were independent of the Ki-67 index. Despite immunochemotherapy, high-dose cytarabine, and ASCT, younger MCL patients with deletions of CDKN2A (p16) and TP53 show an unfavorable prognosis and are candidates for alternative therapeutic strategies. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT00209222.
209. International phase 3 study of azacitidine vs conventional care regimens in older patients with newly diagnosed AML with >30% blasts.
作者: Hervé Dombret.;John F Seymour.;Aleksandra Butrym.;Agnieszka Wierzbowska.;Dominik Selleslag.;Jun Ho Jang.;Rajat Kumar.;James Cavenagh.;Andre C Schuh.;Anna Candoni.;Christian Récher.;Irwindeep Sandhu.;Teresa Bernal del Castillo.;Haifa Kathrin Al-Ali.;Giovanni Martinelli.;Jose Falantes.;Richard Noppeney.;Richard M Stone.;Mark D Minden.;Heidi McIntyre.;Steve Songer.;Lela M Lucy.;C L Beach.;Hartmut Döhner.
来源: Blood. 2015年126卷3期291-9页
This multicenter, randomized, open-label, phase 3 trial evaluated azacitidine efficacy and safety vs conventional care regimens (CCRs) in 488 patients age ≥65 years with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with >30% bone marrow blasts. Before randomization, a CCR (standard induction chemotherapy, low-dose ara-c, or supportive care only) was preselected for each patient. Patients then were assigned 1:1 to azacitidine (n = 241) or CCR (n = 247). Patients assigned to CCR received their preselected treatment. Median overall survival (OS) was increased with azacitidine vs CCR: 10.4 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.0-12.7 months) vs 6.5 months (95% CI, 5.0-8.6 months), respectively (hazard ratio [HR] was 0.85; 95% CI, 0.69-1.03; stratified log-rank P = .1009). One-year survival rates with azacitidine and CCR were 46.5% and 34.2%, respectively (difference, 12.3%; 95% CI, 3.5%-21.0%). A prespecified analysis censoring patients who received AML treatment after discontinuing study drug showed median OS with azacitidine vs CCR was 12.1 months (95% CI, 9.2-14.2 months) vs 6.9 months (95% CI, 5.1-9.6 months; HR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.60-0.96; stratified log-rank P = .0190). Univariate analysis showed favorable trends for azacitidine compared with CCR across all subgroups defined by baseline demographic and disease features. Adverse events were consistent with the well-established safety profile of azacitidine. Azacitidine may be an important treatment option for this difficult-to-treat AML population. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01074047.
210. A novel triple therapy for ITP using high-dose dexamethasone, low-dose rituximab, and cyclosporine (TT4).
作者: Philip Young-Ill Choi.;Fernando Roncolato.;Xavier Badoux.;Sundra Ramanathan.;Shir-Jing Ho.;Beng H Chong.
来源: Blood. 2015年126卷4期500-3页
Promising reports of combination immunosuppression with high-dose dexamethasone and rituximab for the treatment of primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) have recently emerged. They suggest a potential to further optimize the efficacy of therapy. We investigate the use of a novel combination of conventional therapies in ITP given over 4 weeks. From 2011 to 2014, 20 patients were prospectively enrolled onto a single-arm phase 2b study to describe the safety, efficacy, and tolerability of oral dexamethasone 40 mg for days 1 to 4, oral cyclosporine 2.5 to 3 mg/kg daily for day 1 to 28, and intravenous low-dose rituximab 100 mg for days 7, 14, 21, and 28. There were no therapy-related serious adverse side effects, 6-month response rate was 60%, and treatment was well tolerated. Responders enjoyed relapse-free survivals of 92% and 76%, respectively, at 12 and 24 months. This study highlights the possibility of achieving an enduring remission from 4 weeks of therapy. This study is registered at www.anzctr.org.au (#ANZCTRN12611000015943).
211. Impact of comorbidities on overall survival in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia: results of the randomized CML study IV.
作者: Susanne Saussele.;Marie-Paloma Krauss.;Rüdiger Hehlmann.;Michael Lauseker.;Ulrike Proetel.;Lida Kalmanti.;Benjamin Hanfstein.;Alice Fabarius.;Doris Kraemer.;Wolfgang E Berdel.;Martin Bentz.;Peter Staib.;Maike de Wit.;Martin Wernli.;Florian Zettl.;Holger F Hebart.;Markus Hahn.;Jochen Heymanns.;Ingo Schmidt-Wolf.;Norbert Schmitz.;Michael J Eckart.;Winfried Gassmann.;Andrea Bartholomäus.;Antonio Pezzutto.;Elisabeth Oppliger Leibundgut.;Dominik Heim.;Stefan W Krause.;Andreas Burchert.;Wolf-Karsten Hofmann.;Joerg Hasford.;Andreas Hochhaus.;Markus Pfirrmann.;Martin C Müller.; .
来源: Blood. 2015年126卷1期42-9页
We studied the influence of comorbidities on remission rate and overall survival (OS) in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Participants of the CML Study IV, a randomized 5-arm trial designed to optimize imatinib therapy, were analyzed for comorbidities at diagnosis using the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI); 511 indexed comorbidities were reported in 1519 CML patients. Age was an additional risk factor in 863 patients. Resulting CCI scores were as follows: CCI 2, n = 589; CCI 3 or 4, n = 599; CCI 5 or 6, n = 229; and CCI ≥ 7, n = 102. No differences in cumulative incidences of accelerated phase, blast crisis, or remission rates were observed between patients in the different CCI groups. Higher CCI was significantly associated with lower OS probabilities. The 8-year OS probabilities were 93.6%, 89.4%, 77.6%, and 46.4% for patients with CCI 2, 3 to 4, 5 to 6, and ≥7, respectively. In multivariate analysis, CCI was the most powerful predictor of OS, which was still valid after removal of its age-related components. Comorbidities have no impact on treatment success but do have a negative effect on OS, indicating that survival of patients with CML is determined more by comorbidities than by CML itself. OS may therefore be inappropriate as an outcome measure for specific CML treatments. The trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT00055874.
212. Randomized study of reduced-intensity chemotherapy combined with imatinib in adults with Ph-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
作者: Yves Chalandon.;Xavier Thomas.;Sandrine Hayette.;Jean-Michel Cayuela.;Claire Abbal.;Françoise Huguet.;Emmanuel Raffoux.;Thibaut Leguay.;Philippe Rousselot.;Stéphane Lepretre.;Martine Escoffre-Barbe.;Sébastien Maury.;Céline Berthon.;Emmanuelle Tavernier.;Jean-François Lambert.;Marina Lafage-Pochitaloff.;Véronique Lhéritier.;Sylvie Chevret.;Norbert Ifrah.;Hervé Dombret.; .
来源: Blood. 2015年125卷24期3711-9页
In this study, we randomly compared high doses of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib combined with reduced-intensity chemotherapy (arm A) to standard imatinib/hyperCVAD (cyclophosphamide/vincristine/doxorubicin/dexamethasone) therapy (arm B) in 268 adults (median age, 47 years) with Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The primary objective was the major molecular response (MMolR) rate after cycle 2, patients being then eligible for allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) if they had a donor, or autologous SCT if in MMolR and no donor. With fewer induction deaths, the complete remission (CR) rate was higher in arm A than in arm B (98% vs 91%; P = .006), whereas the MMolR rate was similar in both arms (66% vs 64%). With a median follow-up of 4.8 years, 5-year event-free survival and overall survival (OS) rates were estimated at 37.1% and 45.6%, respectively, without difference between the arms. Allogeneic transplantation was associated with a significant benefit in relapse-free survival (hazard ratio [HR], 0.69; P = .036) and OS (HR, 0.64; P = .02), with initial white blood cell count being the only factor significantly interacting with this SCT effect. In patients achieving MMolR, outcome was similar after autologous and allogeneic transplantation. This study validates an induction regimen combining reduced-intensity chemotherapy and imatinib in Ph+ ALL adult patients and suggests that SCT in first CR is still a good option for Ph+ ALL adult patients. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT00327678.
213. Clinical and pharmacodynamic analysis of pomalidomide dosing strategies in myeloma: impact of immune activation and cereblon targets.
作者: Kartik Sehgal.;Rituparna Das.;Lin Zhang.;Rakesh Verma.;Yanhong Deng.;Mehmet Kocoglu.;Juan Vasquez.;Srinivas Koduru.;Yan Ren.;Maria Wang.;Suzana Couto.;Mike Breider.;Donna Hansel.;Stuart Seropian.;Dennis Cooper.;Anjan Thakurta.;Xiaopan Yao.;Kavita M Dhodapkar.;Madhav V Dhodapkar.
来源: Blood. 2015年125卷26期4042-51页
In preclinical studies, pomalidomide mediated both direct antitumor effects and immune activation by binding cereblon. However, the impact of drug-induced immune activation and cereblon/ikaros in antitumor effects of pomalidomide in vivo is unknown. Here we evaluated the clinical and pharmacodynamic effects of continuous or intermittent dosing strategies of pomalidomide/dexamethasone in lenalidomide-refractory myeloma in a randomized trial. Intermittent dosing led to greater tumor reduction at the cost of more frequent adverse events. Both cohorts experienced similar event-free and overall survival. Both regimens led to a distinct pattern but similar degree of mid-cycle immune activation, manifested as increased expression of cytokines and lytic genes in T and natural killer (NK) cells. Pomalidomide induced poly-functional T-cell activation, with increased proportion of coinhibitory receptor BTLA(+) T cells and Tim-3(+) NK cells. Baseline levels of ikaros and aiolos protein in tumor cells did not correlate with response or survival. Pomalidomide led to rapid decline in Ikaros in T and NK cells in vivo, and therapy-induced activation of CD8(+) T cells correlated with clinical response. These data demonstrate that pomalidomide leads to strong and rapid immunomodulatory effects involving both innate and adaptive immunity, even in heavily pretreated multiple myeloma, which correlates with clinical antitumor effects. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01319422.
214. A randomized comparison of daunorubicin 90 mg/m2 vs 60 mg/m2 in AML induction: results from the UK NCRI AML17 trial in 1206 patients.
作者: Alan K Burnett.;Nigel H Russell.;Robert K Hills.;Jonathan Kell.;Jamie Cavenagh.;Lars Kjeldsen.;Mary-Frances McMullin.;Paul Cahalin.;Mike Dennis.;Lone Friis.;Ian F Thomas.;Don Milligan.;Richard E Clark.; .
来源: Blood. 2015年125卷25期3878-85页
Modifying induction therapy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) may improve the remission rate and reduce the risk of relapse, thereby improving survival. Escalation of the daunorubicin dose to 90 mg/m(2) has shown benefit for some patient subgroups when compared with a dose of 45 mg/m(2), and has been recommended as a standard of care. However, 60 mg/m(2) is widely used and has never been directly compared with 90 mg/m(2). As part of the UK National Cancer Research Institute (NCRI) AML17 trial, 1206 adults with untreated AML or high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome, mostly younger than 60 years of age, were randomized to a first-induction course of chemotherapy, which delivered either 90 mg/m(2) or 60 mg/m(2) on days 1, 3, and 5 combined with cytosine arabinoside. All patients then received a second course that included daunorubicin 50 mg/m(2) on days 1, 3, and 5. There was no overall difference in complete remission rate (73% vs 75%; odds ratio, 1.07 [0.83-1.39]; P = .6) or in any recognized subgroup. The 60-day mortality was increased in the 90 mg/m(2) arm (10% vs 5% (hazard ratio [HR] 1.98 [1.30-3.02]; P = .001), which resulted in no difference in overall 2-year survival (59% vs 60%; HR, 1.16 [0.95-1.43]; P = .15). In an exploratory subgroup analysis, there was no subgroup that showed significant benefit, although there was a significant interaction by FLT3 ITD mutation. This trial is registered at http://www.isrctn.com as #ISRCTN55675535.
215. Vosaroxin and vosaroxin plus low-dose Ara-C (LDAC) vs low-dose Ara-C alone in older patients with acute myeloid leukemia.
作者: Mike Dennis.;Nigel Russell.;Robert K Hills.;Claire Hemmaway.;Nicki Panoskaltsis.;Mary-Frances McMullin.;Lars Kjeldsen.;Helen Dignum.;Ian F Thomas.;Richard E Clark.;Don Milligan.;Alan K Burnett.
来源: Blood. 2015年125卷19期2923-32页
The development of new treatments for older patients with acute myeloid leukemia is an active area, but has met with limited success. Vosaroxin, a quinolone-derived intercalating agent has several properties that could prove beneficial. Initial clinical studies showed it to be well-tolerated in older patients with relapsed/refractory disease. In vitro data suggested synergy with cytarabine (Ara-C). To evaluate vosaroxin, we performed 2 randomized comparisons within the "Pick a Winner" program. A total of 104 patients were randomized to vosaroxin vs low-dose Ara-C (LDAC) and 104 to vosaroxin + LDAC vs LDAC. When comparing vosaroxin with LDAC, neither response rate (complete recovery [CR]/complete recovery with incomplete count recovery [CRi], 26% vs 30%; odds ratio [OR], 1.16 (0.49-2.72); P = .7) nor 12-month survival (12% vs 31%; hazard ratio [HR], 1.94 [1.26-3.00]; P = .003) showed benefit for vosaroxin. Likewise, in the vosaroxin + LDAC vs LDAC comparison, neither response rate (CR/CRi, 38% vs 34%; OR, 0.83 [0.37-1.84]; P = .6) nor survival (33% vs 37%; HR, 1.30 [0.81-2.07]; P = .3) was improved. A major reason for this lack of benefit was excess early mortality in the vosaroxin + LDAC arm, most obviously in the second month following randomization. At its first interim analysis, the Data Monitoring and Ethics Committee recommended closure of the vosaroxin-containing trial arms because a clinically relevant benefit was unlikely.
216. Phase 3 study of nilotinib vs imatinib in Chinese patients with newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase: ENESTchina.
作者: Jianxiang Wang.;Zhi-Xiang Shen.;Giuseppe Saglio.;Jie Jin.;He Huang.;Yu Hu.;Xin Du.;Jianyong Li.;Fanyi Meng.;Huanling Zhu.;Jianda Hu.;Jianmin Wang.;Ming Hou.;Sabine Hertle.;Hans D Menssen.;Christine-Elke Ortmann.;Catherine Tribouley.;Ye Yuan.;Michele Baccarani.;Xiaojun Huang.
来源: Blood. 2015年125卷18期2771-8页
Treatment with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) targeting BCR-ABL1 is currently the standard of care for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in chronic phase (CML-CP). In this study, we present results of the ENESTchina (Evaluating Nilotinib Efficacy and Safety in Clinical Trials-China) that was conducted to investigate nilotinib 300 mg twice daily vs imatinib 400 mg once daily in a Chinese population. ENESTchina met its primary end point with a statistically significant higher rate of major molecular response (MMR; BCR-ABL1 ≤0.1% on the International Scale) at 12 months in the nilotinib arm vs the imatinib arm (52.2% vs 27.8%; P < .0001), and MMR rates remained higher with nilotinib vs imatinib throughout the follow-up period. Rates of complete cytogenetic response (0% Philadelphia chromosome-positive [Ph+] metaphases by standard cytogenetics) were comparable and ≥80% by 24 months in both arms. The estimated rate of freedom from progression to accelerated phase/blast crisis at 24 months was 95.4% in each arm. The safety profiles of both drugs were similar to those from previous studies. In conclusion, rates of MMR at 12 months were superior with nilotinib vs imatinib in Chinese patients with newly diagnosed Ph+ CML-CP. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01275196.
217. Randomized phase 2 study of GMI-1070 in SCD: reduction in time to resolution of vaso-occlusive events and decreased opioid use.
作者: Marilyn J Telen.;Ted Wun.;Timothy L McCavit.;Laura M De Castro.;Lakshmanan Krishnamurti.;Sophie Lanzkron.;Lewis L Hsu.;Wally R Smith.;Seungshin Rhee.;John L Magnani.;Helen Thackray.
来源: Blood. 2015年125卷17期2656-64页
Treatment of vaso-occlusive crises (VOC) or events in sickle cell disease (SCD) remains limited to symptom relief with opioids. Animal models support the effectiveness of the pan-selectin inhibitor GMI-1070 in reducing selectin-mediated cell adhesion and abrogating VOC. We studied GMI-1070 in a prospective multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, phase 2 study of 76 SCD patients with VOC. Study drug (GMI-1070 or placebo) was given every 12 hours for up to 15 doses. Other treatment was per institutional standard of care. All subjects reached the composite primary end point of resolution of VOC. Although time to reach the composite primary end point was not statistically different between the groups, clinically meaningful reductions in mean and median times to VOC resolution of 41 and 63 hours (28% and 48%, P = .19 for both) were observed in the active treatment group vs the placebo group. As a secondary end point, GMI-1070 appeared safe in acute vaso-occlusion, and adverse events were not different in the two arms. Also in secondary analyses, mean cumulative IV opioid analgesic use was reduced by 83% with GMI-1070 vs placebo (P = .010). These results support a phase 3 study of GMI-1070 (now rivipansel) for SCD VOC. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01119833.
218. Minimal residual disease in myeloma by flow cytometry: independent prediction of survival benefit per log reduction.
作者: Andy C Rawstron.;Walter M Gregory.;Ruth M de Tute.;Faith E Davies.;Sue E Bell.;Mark T Drayson.;Gordon Cook.;Graham H Jackson.;Gareth J Morgan.;J Anthony Child.;Roger G Owen.
来源: Blood. 2015年125卷12期1932-5页
The detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) in myeloma using a 0.01% threshold (10(-4)) after treatment is an independent predictor of progression-free survival (PFS), but not always of overall survival (OS). However, MRD level is a continuous variable, and the predictive value of the depth of tumor depletion was evaluated in 397 patients treated intensively in the Medical Research Council Myeloma IX study. There was a significant improvement in OS for each log depletion in MRD level (median OS was 1 year for ≥10%, 4 years for 1% to <10%, 5.9 years for 0.1% to <1%, 6.8 years for 0.01% to <0.1%, and more than 7.5 years for <0.01% MRD). MRD level as a continuous variable determined by flow cytometry independently predicts both PFS and OS, with approximately 1 year median OS benefit per log depletion. The trial was registered at www.isrctn.com as #68454111.
219. Enoxaparin for prevention of unexplained recurrent miscarriage: a multicenter randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial.
作者: Elisabeth Pasquier.;Luc de Saint Martin.;Caroline Bohec.;Céline Chauleur.;Florence Bretelle.;Gisèle Marhic.;Grégoire Le Gal.;Véronique Debarge.;Frédéric Lecomte.;Christine Denoual-Ziad.;Véronique Lejeune-Saada.;Serge Douvier.;Michel Heisert.;Dominique Mottier.
来源: Blood. 2015年125卷14期2200-5页
It is common practice in many centers to offer antithrombotic medications to women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage, in the presence or absence of inherited thrombophilia. Although no benefit of aspirin vs placebo has been clearly demonstrated, a double-blind placebo-controlled trial on the effect of low-molecular-weight heparin is lacking. We enrolled 258 pregnant women with a history of unexplained recurrent miscarriage (≥2 consecutive miscarriages before 15 weeks' gestation) and a negative thrombophilia workup. They were randomly assigned to receive one daily subcutaneous injection of enoxaparin 40 mg or placebo until 35 weeks' gestation. We included 256 women (mean age 32 years, ≥3 miscarriages: 72%; mean gestational age 39 days of amenorrhea) in the intention-to-treat analysis; 66.6% of 138 who received enoxaparin had a live birth vs 72.9% of 118 who received placebo. The absolute difference was -6% (95% CI, -17.1 to 5.1), excluding a 10% increase in the rate of live-birth on enoxaparin (P = .34). In this first randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, enoxaparin (40 mg once daily) did not improve the chance of a live birth in nonthrombophilic women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage. This trial is registered at www.ClinicalTrials.gov as #NCT00740545 and the French National Health and Drug Safety Agency (EudraCT #2006-003350-18).
220. A multicenter randomized open-label study of rituximab plus rhTPO vs rituximab in corticosteroid-resistant or relapsed ITP.
作者: Hai Zhou.;Miao Xu.;Ping Qin.;Hai-yan Zhang.;Cheng-lu Yuan.;Hong-guo Zhao.;Zhong-guang Cui.;Yue-sheng Meng.;Lei Wang.;Fang Zhou.;Xin Wang.;Da-qi Li.;Ke-hong Bi.;Chuan-sheng Zhu.;Cheng-shan Guo.;Xiao-xia Chu.;Qing-chao Wu.;Xin-guang Liu.;Xiao-yuan Dong.;Jie Li.;Jun Peng.;Ming Hou.
来源: Blood. 2015年125卷10期1541-7页
This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of rituximab (RTX) plus recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO) with RTX alone in patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) who had failed to respond to corticosteroids or relapsed. Recruited patients were randomized at a ratio of 2:1 into 2 groups: the combination group (RTX + rhTPO, n = 77) and the monotherapy group (RTX, n = 38). Overall response was achieved in 79.2% of patients in the combination group vs 71.1% in the monotherapy group (P = .36), and the complete response (CR) rate was 45.4% in the combination group compared with 23.7% in the monotherapy group (P = .026). The combination group had significantly shorter time to response (TTR; median and range, 7 and 4-28 days) compared with the monotherapy group (28 and 4-90 days) (P < .01). There was no difference between these 2 groups in terms of the long-term response (P = .12). Our findings demonstrated that the combination of RTX and rhTPO significantly increased the CR rate and shortened TTR compared with RTX monotherapy in the treatment of corticosteroid-resistant or relapsed ITP but failed to show a beneficial effect on the long-lasting response. This study is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01525836.
|