Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy is the standard treatment for diabetic macular oedema (DMO); however, unmet needs remain. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) in treating DMO.

Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) cause morbidity and necessitate cessation of treatment. Comparing irAE treatments, we find that anti-tumor immunity is preserved in mice after extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) but reduced with glucocorticosteroids, TNFα blockade, and α4β7-integrin inhibition. Local adiponectin production elicits a tissue-specific effect by reducing pro-inflammatory T cell frequencies in the colon while sparing tumor-specific T cell development. A prospective phase-1b/2 trial (EudraCT-No.2021-002073-26) with 14 patients reveals low ECP-related toxicity. Overall response rate for all irAEs is 92% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 63.97%-99.81%); colitis-specific complete remission rate is 100% (95% CI: 63.06%-100%). Glucocorticosteroid dosages could be reduced for all patients after ECP therapy. The ECP-adiponectin axis reduces intestinal tissue-resident memory T cell activation and CD4+IFN-γ+ T cells in patients with ICI-induced colitis without evidence of loss of anti-tumor immunity. In conclusion, we identify adiponectin as an immunomodulatory molecule that controls ICI-induced irAEs without blocking anti-tumor immunity.

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of aromatherapy on symptom burden and associated outcomes.

Virtual reality (VR) is a useful therapeutic tool in various patient populations. Patients with cancer may benefit from VR during chemotherapy to address concerns like negative affect, stress, and physical side effects.

Resistance or intolerance to the available tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) remains a treatment challenge for patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia. We aimed to report the safety, antileukaemic activity, and pharmacokinetics of oral vodobatinib, a novel selective BCR::ABL1 TKI, in patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph-positive) chronic myeloid leukaemia who previously received at least three TKIs, including ponatinib and asciminib.

We conducted a multicenter, open-label, randomized phase 2 study to assess the efficacy of nivolumab (Nivo) as maintenance therapy for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in first complete remission (CR) or CR with incomplete hematologic recovery who were not candidates for stem cell transplant. Patients were stratified and randomized to observation (Obs) or Nivo (3 mg/kg IV every 2 weeks for 46 doses). The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS) defined as time to disease relapse or death due to any reason. Secondary end points included overall survival (OS), and evaluation of adverse events (AEs) after Nivo administration. Eighty patients were enrolled with median duration of follow-up of 24 months (33 months among survivors). PFS was 13.2 months in the Nivo arm and 10.9 months in the Obs arm. Overall PFS curves were not statistically significantly different. The median OS was 53.9 months in the Nivo arm and 30.9 months in the Obs arm. There were more AEs of any type (regardless of attribution) on the Nivo arm; 27 patients (71%) on the Nivo arm had a grade ≥3 AE compared with 5 patients (12%) on the Obs arm (P < .001). Nivo maintenance after AML chemotherapy failed to improve the PFS and OS in this randomized phase 2 study. There were increased AEs and serious AEs (SAEs) with Nivo, but these AEs and SAEs were expected and manageable. This trial was registered at www.ClinicalTrials.gov as #NCT02275533.

Ziftomenib, a potent, selective inhibitor that binds menin at the lysine methyltransferase 2 interaction site, has demonstrated promising clinical activity with manageable toxicity in heavily pretreated patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and nucleophosmin 1 mutations. This phase 1, open-label study characterized the absorption, metabolism, excretion, and bioavailability of ziftomenib in healthy men and comprised two parts. In part A, a single oral dose of ziftomenib 400 mg (containing 250 μCi [14C]-ziftomenib) was given to evaluate routes and rates of elimination, total radioactivity, and other pharmacokinetic parameters. In part B, a single oral dose of ziftomenib 400 mg followed by an intravenous dose of ziftomenib < 100 μg (containing 1 μCi [14C]-ziftomenib) was administered to evaluate absolute bioavailability (both n = 8 patients). A median tmax of 3.5 h and an elimination t1/2 of 61.5 h demonstrated rapid ziftomenib absorption and enabled once-daily dosing. Total radioactivity recovery was 89.7% in feces and 0.5% in urine over 480 h. Absolute bioavailability of 12.9% was observed. Ziftomenib was primarily metabolized by oxidation, N-demethylation, and N-dealkylation, with 19 metabolites recovered in plasma. All metabolites were considered minor (< 10% of total drug-related exposure). Ziftomenib was the most abundant plasma component (> 10% of total drug-related exposure). In conclusion, ziftomenib underwent limited metabolism following absorption and was primarily excreted as unchanged parent drug in feces. Ziftomenib was well tolerated with no new safety concerns in healthy men. Considering the pharmacokinetic profile and manageable safety outcomes, these findings support further clinical investigation of ziftomenib as treatment for AML.

Copanlisib in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors demonstrated synergy and favorable antitumor immune responses in preclinical models. This study evaluated copanlisib plus nivolumab in adults with advanced solid tumors.

The addition of immune checkpoint inhibitors to standard-of-care chemoradiation (CRT) is established as the new standard of care in high-risk, locally advanced cervical cancer. However, the optimal sequencing of therapies is unknown. Defining safety and feasibility of the combination was a primary objective of this study examining concurrent versus sequential schedules.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer. Sorafenib is the first FDA-approved systemic therapy for advanced HCC. This study investigates the influence of IL-23R (rs7517847) and ATG-10 (rs10514231) genetic polymorphisms on Sorafenib response, survival outcomes, average tolerable dose, and adverse events. This prospective open-label cohort study included 100 HCC patients, assessing IL-23R and ATG-10 genotypes via real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Patient's responses were evaluated using modified RECIST criteria. Statistical analyses evaluated the association of genetic variants with response, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), average tolerable Sorafenib dose, and adverse events. IL-23R TT carriers had the highest Sorafenib response rate (80%) compared to GT (13.3%) and GG (6.7%) (P = 0.021), while ATG-10 TT carriers had a 13.9-fold increased response likelihood (P = 0.001). The T allele in ATG-10 significantly predicted longer PFS (P = 0.025) and OS (P = 0.011), suggesting a potential prognostic role. IL-23R GG carriers received significantly higher Sorafenib doses than TT (P = 0.0174) and GT (P = 0.0227), whereas ATG-10 had no effect on dosage. However, its CT genotype was significantly associated with a higher risk of Hand-Foot Syndrome (P = 0.012), and independent of dose (P = 0.0018). IL-23R and ATG-10 polymorphisms influence Sorafenib response, survival, and tolerability in HCC patients. Genetic screening may improve personalized treatment strategies by optimizing Sorafenib efficacy and minimizing toxicity.This trial was registered on clinicaltrials.gov with registration number NCT06030895, registered on "September 11th, 2023," retrospectively.

In this phase-2a study (NCT01994382), patients aged ≥18 years with relapsed/refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL; angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma/T follicular helper [AITL/TFH], n = 29); PTCL-not otherwise specified [NOS], n = 11; and Other, n = 25) received 30 mg oral cerdulatinib, a reversible dual inhibitor of spleen tyrosine kinase and Janus kinase, twice daily in 28-day cycles until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Overall response rate (ORR) was 36.2% (12 complete responses [CR],9 partial responses [PR], and 14 stable disease); median time to response was 1.9 months. ORR was 51.9% for AITL/TFH (10 CR, 4 PR) and 31.8% for Other (2 CR, 5 PR); median duration of response was 12.9 and 5.3 months, respectively. The most common grade ≥3 treatment-emergent adverse events were asymptomatic amylase elevation (23.1%), anemia (20.0%), and asymptomatic lipase elevation (18.5%). These data suggest clinical activity and acceptable tolerability for cerdulatinib in patients with relapsed/refractory PTCL.

Open-label phase Ib/II study to investigate the safety and efficacy of LBL-007, an anti-LAG-3 antibody, plus toripalimab, an anti-PD-1 antibody, in patients with previously treated advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and other solid tumors.

Neomorphic isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations lead to the accumulation of 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG), an oncometabolite implicated in tumor progression via inhibitory effects on alpha-ketoglutarate. Moreover, mutant IDH-dependent accumulation of 2-HG results in homologous recombination deficiency (HRD), which preclinically renders tumors sensitive to poly(adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase inhibitors. Here, the results of the cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) arm of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) 10129 olaparib in IDH-mutant solid tumors basket trial are reported.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in adults is aggressive, with long-term outcomes impacted by treatment resistance and toxicity. CD52 is expressed in most cases of B- and T-lineage ALL. Alemtuzumab, a humanized immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibody that targets CD52, was identified as a potential agent to improve treatment efficacy without increasing toxicity.

To compare anatomic biomarkers on spectral-domain OCT between faricimab, a dual angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2)/VEGF-A inhibitor, and aflibercept in a pooled analysis of results from the YOSEMITE/RHINE trials in diabetic macular edema (DME).

This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of rezivertinib (BPI-7711) and gefitinib as first-line therapies in patients with EGFR-mutated locally advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

In the ARIEL4 trial of rucaparib versus standard-of-care chemotherapy in patients with relapsed BRCA-mutated ovarian carcinoma, the primary endpoint was met, showing improved investigator-assessed progression-free survival with rucaparib. Here, we present the final overall survival analysis of the trial and other post-progression outcomes.

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) dysregulation is implicated in numerous cancers. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting ALK have improved disease outcomes, but resistance mechanisms are common. This first-in-human trial evaluates ESK-440, a dual inhibitor of ALK and focal adhesion kinase, as a novel strategy for cancers with resistance to ALK-targeting TKIs.

Advanced clear cell gynecological cancers (CCGCs) have a poor prognosis, with response rates to second-line chemotherapy less than 8%. Preliminary clinical activity with programmed cell death 1 protein (PD-1) inhibitors reported in CCGC merits further investigation.

Given the suffering experienced by cancer patients, effective solutions must be found to prevent painful and debilitating side effects of anti-cancer treatment. This trial aims to study the effect of preconditioning with photobiomodulation in preventing oral mucositis and xerostomia in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy alone for the first time, and to examine its role in improving patients' quality of life.