A study was made of the changes in the chromosome apparatus of peripheral blood leukocytes after radiotherapy of patients with uterine cervix cancer (a cumulative dose 70-90 Gy). Cells with the chromosome apparatus lesions and total amount of chromosome aberrations were intensively eliminated during the first 3-5 years following irradiation. Later (up to 7-9 years) their level stabilized to be 5-6 times higher than the control.

The familial chromaffinoma forms were seen in 13 members of 4 families. Eight of these patients (6 females and 2 males), aged 15 to 43 years old, were operated for disseminated bilateral chromaffinomas. Seven patients had malignant tumors. In 3 families there were patients with Sipple's syndrome. Extensive laparatomy is rather preferential by surgeons. In view of the autosomal-dominant form of the disease transmission it is necessary to investigate thoroughly the familial history and to examine purposefully the children and relatives of patients with chromaffinomas, especially, with Sipple's syndrome.

Scientific trends are analyzed in the field of medical genetics in the Ukraine for a twenty-year period. Prospects of further development are outlined for six main problems concerning development and ageing, genetics of endocrine disturbances, immune genetics, oncogenetics, effect of mutagenic and teratogenic factors on man and elaboration of preventive measures against various harmful effects.

The incidence of the neurocutaneous syndrome in children with organic brain lesions of varying origin was studied. It was shown that in reviewing the structure of this syndrome (along with the other extensively described pathological forms, such as Recklinghausen's disease, tuberous sclerosis, Sturge-Weber disease, etc.), the neurocutaneous syndrome characterized by depigmented spots on the skin should be considered separately. The paper describes at full length the individual dermatoglyphic parameters and features of the neurological state of the patients suffering from the neurocutaneous syndrome with depigmented skin spots.

The sister chromatid exchange (SCE) level in patients with cancer of lungs before treatment did not differ from the mean number of SCE in healthy donors. In the process of a cyclophosphane treatment the SCE frequency in the patient lymphocyte culture increased with the drug doses of 4 and 5 g. Analysis of the ratio of cells in mitoses I, II and III revealed no differences in the cell cycle rate for groups of healthy donors, patients before the treatment, and treated patients.

The predictive value of risk factors of stomach cancer was studied on the basis of the results of a complex genetico-epidemiologic survey conducted with a view to identifying the group at risk. An optimal combination of these factors and the multifactor method of mathematical statistics were used in working out a decision instruction. Application of the latter offers an 80% credibility in selecting persons at high risk for stomach cancer development. The paper deals with the findings on a significant relationship between stomach cancer development and genetic and familial factors as well as on indications at certain changes in gastrointestinal function observed before clinical manifestation of the disease. The results point to the efficacy of complex clinical, genetic and epidemiologic studies conducted for prediction of neoplasms caused by a set of factors.

This report is devoted to the genetic study of stomach cancer within the limits of classic and multiple models. Also, analysis of phenotypic and genetic correlations in the system of stomach cancer--pre-cancer and that of the association of this disease with genetic markers were conducted. The reliable dependence of the development of stomach cancer on genetic factors is shown and its genetic stipulation with individual forms of ulcer disease and gastritic is determined. The problem of their genetic heterogeneity has been discussed based on these findings. The values of recurrence risk of the development of stomach cancer in population of Moscow and those of the expressivity of connection of ulcer disease forms and stomach cancer with genetic variants of the ABO and Rhesus systems were obtained.

The frequency of developmental defects and displasticity characters in children with nephroblastoma was determined in two groups--with early, up to 2 years manifestation of the tumor (ENB), in 40 patients, and with advanced nephroblastoma (ANB), in 59 patients (manifestation of the disease after 2 years). The data were correlated with control groups adequate for age (130 children). The frequency of serious developmental defects was higher in ANB group (20%) than in ENB group (7%). Over a half of developmental defects were hemihypertrophy and doubling of organs. One case of a child with the combination of nephroblastoma and Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome was defined. In ANB group an increased frequency of asymmetry in the conjugate organs (foot, hand, middle finger, ears) was found. Its direction is correlated with tumor localization (tumor site). In ENB group no analogous effect was shown. The data obtained present phenotype characteristics of groups with early and late manifestation of the disease which are probably different in their genesis and thus, their identification is necessary for the adequate medicogenetic consultation (examination).