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721. [French CCAFU guidelines on prostate cancer: hormone-sensitive metastatic prostate cancer-update 2020].
作者: F Rozet.;C Hennequin.;P Beuzeboc.;R Mathieu.;P Mongiat-Artus.;J-B Beauval.;L Cormier.;G Fromont-Hankard.;G Ploussard.;R Renard-Penna.;L Brureau.;A Méjean.
来源: Prog Urol. 2020年30卷8-9期430-438页
The aim of the Cancerology Committee of the French Association of urology (CCAFU) is to propose an update of the guidelines in the management of hormone-sensitive metastatic prostate cancer.
722. [Cardiotoxicity of immune checkpoint inhibitors used in cancer treatment].
作者: Dimitri Arangalage.;Anna Giulia Pavon.;Sarah Hugelshofer.;Benoit Desgraz.;Georgios Tzimas.;Julie Delyon.;Olivier Muller.;Michel Obeid.;Camillo Ribi.;Olivier Michielin.;Berna C Özdemir.;Pierre Monney.
来源: Rev Med Suisse. 2020年16卷696期1165-1168页
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have revolutionized the field of oncology, by reshaping the prognosis of many cancers and are progressively becoming the standard of care. One of the costs of these advances is the emergence of a new spectrum of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), of which cardiovascular irAEs are particularly feared. ICI-induced myocarditis is often a diagnostic challenge because of the vast heterogeneity of clinical presentations, and it is associated with a high mortality rate of around 50%. The present article summarizes the cardiac manifestations, the diagnostic strategy and the therapeutic management of patients with ICI-induced myocarditis used in the treatment of cancer.
723. [Ileum and brain, unusual metastatic sites for a thymoma].
Thymomas are epithelial neoplasms of thymic origin, preferentially localized in the anterior mediastinum. Recurrences after surgery are uncommon and usually occur in the intrathoracic area. The occurrence of extra-thoracic metastases is an unusual phenomenon.
724. [Metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: more than just androgen-deprivation therapy].
For decades, androgen deprivation was the standard of care for metastatic prostate cancer. Chemotherapy, then novel anti-androgen therapies, changed the treatment paradigm. Large phase III randomized clinical trials were conducted over the course of the last decade, first among patients with castration resistant prostate cancer, then among those with hormone-sensitive disease. Today, androgen deprivation therapy alone is no longer the gold standard and should be associated either with chemotherapy in high-volume disease, or novel anti-androgen therapy. As such, each case should be discussed with a specialist to choose the most appropriate treatment.
725. [Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitor and skin toxicity].
作者: Pierre-François Simand.;Grégoire Berthod.;Laurent Parmentier.;Sandro Anchisi.
来源: Rev Med Suisse. 2020年16卷695期1086-1091页
Dermatologic toxicities appear to be the most prevalent immunotherapy related adverse effects, both with anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 agents, as well as with the newly developed anti-PD-L1. They occur in more than one-third of the patients treated with immune check point inhibitors, regardless of the cancer being treated. They mainly manifest in the form of self-limiting maculopapular rashes and pruritus. Early recognition and management are essential in order to mitigate the severity of the lesions. A multidisciplinary team is crucial for optimal management.
726. [Polygenic scores and cancer risk].
Risk assessment for a cancer type with moderate heritability can be accurately performed using a relatively small number of SNPs detected by GWAS analyses to calculate a polygenic risk score (PRS) that has definite clinical utility.
727. [Neuropilins: relevant therapeutic targets to improve the treatment of cancers].
Exacerbated angiogenesis is one of the hallmarks of cancer defined by Hanahan and Weinberg. However, targeting the signaling pathway of the "Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)" or its receptors has shown its therapeutic limits. Despite short term benefits for patients, tumors always relapse and generally become metastatic and incurable. Neuropilins 1 and 2 (NRP1, 2) whose activity was originally described in the nervous system, stimulate many parameters involved in tumor aggressiveness including cell proliferation, angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, and immune tolerance. Thus, an overexpression of NRP1 or 2 in many tumors, is correlated with a short survival of the patients. The purpose of this review is to describe the mechanisms of action involved in stimulating NRP1, 2 and to take stock of therapeutic strategies in preclinical studies or in early phase trials in patients with different cancers.
732. [Management of a patient with a double EGFR and MET anomaly by combined treatment].
Lung cancer displays molecular anomalies for which targeted therapies are the standard first line treatment. The EGFR mutation is present in 10% of cases of non-small cell lung cancer in Caucasians. MET amplification associated with an exon 19 EGFR mutation has been identified though it is usually regarded as a mechanism of resistance.
733. [Hamartochondroma: An unusual cause of endobronchial obstruction in smoking patients].
作者: R Hustache-Castaing.;G Ghrenassia.;C Raherison.;J-M Peloni.;M Thumerel.;J Jougon.
来源: Rev Mal Respir. 2020年37卷6期492-496页
Endobronchial hamartochondroma is a rare benign tumor which differs from the parenchymal form in its symptomatology and also by its treatment which should be as conservative as possible. The endobronchial location is exceptional. Here we present the cases of two patients with endobronchial hamartochondroma associated with clinical manifestation, chest pain and repeated pulmonary infections, respectively. The diagnosis was made after performing a CT-scan, a PET-SCAN and histological analysis. After discussion in a multidisciplinary staff meeting, conservative treatment was chosen in both cases.
735. [Evolution of followed renal oncocytomas].
作者: F-X Deledalle.;L Doisy.;L Daniel.;S Garcia.;E Lechevallier.;C Bastide.;R Boissier.
来源: Prog Urol. 2020年30卷10期514-521页
Oncocytomas are primitive kidney tumours, considered benign but their evolution is not fully established. The local progression is generally admitted but few data explain what makes a oncocytoma to grow more or less quickly. The objective of our study is to analyse the evolution of followed renal oncocytomas after histologic confirmation and to identify factors that can influence their growth.
737. [Bone marrow serous degeneration complicating acute leukemia].
Serous degeneration of bone marrow is a rare hematological complication, of multiple etiologies, which physiopathology is yet to be fully understood. It is described as a focal hypoplasia of the bone marrow and atrophy of its adipocytes coupled with an extracellular deposit of an eosinophilic substance that corresponds to "hyaluronic acid". The prognosis of these lesions depends on the etiological diagnosis.
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