To investigate the prevalence, clinical features, histological spectrum and outcomes of intra-renal involvement in patients with primary APS (PAPS), with particular attention to both aPL nephropathy (aPL-N) and non-aPL-N renal lesions.

SLE is a multifactorial autoimmune disease with complex genetic architecture and immune cell involvement. While genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified numerous risk loci, most are non-coding, making it challenging to pinpoint causal eGenes [genes with expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs)] and therapeutic targets.

We describe the case of a 39-year-old woman who presented with extreme reactive thrombocytosis as a prominent and unusual feature in the context of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (myeloperoxidase, MPO)-associated vasculitis. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case in an adult patient where marked thrombocytosis was part of the initial presentation of ANCA-associated vasculitis.

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that affects ~1% of the global population and leads to joint inflammation, local bone erosions and systemic bone loss. The disability and immobility caused by inflammatory bone loss, joint destruction and fractures in rheumatoid arthritis present a clinical challenge and impose a considerable socioeconomical burden. Osteoclasts have the unique ability to resorb bone and cause bone loss. A comprehensive understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of osteoclasts and their crosstalk with stromal cells, such as osteoblasts, or immune cells during inflammation is essential for the development of targeted therapies to prevent and treat bone loss. The objective of this Review is to present a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge of osteoclast regulation at different levels: from systemic pathways to changes in the bone microenvironment, including the involvement of local cells, to osteoclast-intrinsic regulation such as metabolic adaptations. We also discuss some of the current and emerging therapies that can counteract inflammatory bone loss.

To identify factors associated with, and treatment outcomes of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Considerable knowledge gaps remain regarding the cause, prevention, and management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), with limited systematic effort to establish research priorities that truly align with the preferences of those impacted by RA.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune inflammatory disease that can affect the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems. Elderly RA patients face a significantly elevated risk of cerebrovascular events, the core mechanism of which may be related to chronic inflammation-mediated vascular endothelial dysfunction and impaired cerebral blood flow regulation. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a key pro-inflammatory cytokine in RA, yet whether its inhibitor can improve cerebral hemodynamics remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of TNF-α inhibitor etanercept on cerebral blood flow in elderly RA patients.

GCA and PMR are commonly overlapping diseases. Biomarkers for detecting vascular inflammation in PMR patients are lacking. We aimed to determine the diagnostic value of serum levels of angiopoietin-1, angiopoietin-2, interleukin-6, interleukin-17A, interleukin-23, CXCL-9 and osteopontin (OPN) in identifying vascular inflammation in PMR.

Biologic and targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (b/tsDMARDs) have improved outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, heterogeneity in treatment response remains a significant challenge. Machine learning (ML) may enable improved prediction, but the comprehensive review of ML applications in RA is fragmented and limited. This scoping review synthesizes the literature on ML methods for predicting treatment response to b/tsDMARDs in RA.

We describe disease progression in patients from the SLE Prospective Observational Cohort Study (SPOCS; NCT03189875), investigating differences by baseline IFN gene signature (IFNGS) status.

Few data are available regarding the functional prognosis of adults with primary central nervous system vasculitis (PCNSV). We developed and validated a prognostic model for 12-month functional independence in adults with PCNSV.

This study aimed to compare drug retention rates according to the baseline neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with RA initiating biologic/targeted synthetic DMARDs (b/tsDMARDs).

This study examines how exosomal miR-132-3p from M1 macrophages contributes to the development of SLE-associated diffuse alveolar haemorrhage (SLE-DAH) and the molecular mechanisms involved.

To evaluate the application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in the diagnosis of pulmonary infection in patients with connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD).

In rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with an insufficient response to conventional synthetic DMARDs (csDMARDs), both biologic DMARDs and low-to-moderate dose glucocorticoids are effective treatment options. However, direct comparative evidence on their relative effectiveness and safety is lacking.

To compare incidence, risk factors and outcomes for interstitial lung disease (ILD) between patients with SLE and controls.

While biologic or targeted synthetic DMARDs (b/tsDMARDs) improve mental status in RA patients with high disease activity, their effects after achieving low disease activity (LDA) or remission are unclear. We compared the effectiveness of b/tsDMARDs on mental status in RA patients who had reached treatment targets.

Evidence evaluating effectiveness of biologic and targeted synthetic DMARDs (b/tsDMARDs) in adults with PsA after exposure to three or more b/tsDMARDs is lacking. We aimed to evaluate response to sequential lines of b/tsDMARDs.