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405. Transparent Reporting of Observational Studies Emulating a Target Trial-The TARGET Statement.
作者: Aidan G Cashin.;Harrison J Hansford.;Miguel A Hernán.;Sonja A Swanson.;Hopin Lee.;Matthew D Jones.;Issa J Dahabreh.;Barbra A Dickerman.;Matthias Egger.;Xabier Garcia-Albeniz.;Robert M Golub.;Nazrul Islam.;Sara Lodi.;Margarita Moreno-Betancur.;Sallie-Anne Pearson.;Sebastian Schneeweiss.;Melissa K Sharp.;Jonathan A C Sterne.;Elizabeth A Stuart.;James H McAuley.
来源: JAMA. 2025年334卷12期1084-1093页
When randomized trials are unavailable or not feasible, observational studies can be used to answer causal questions about the comparative effects of interventions by attempting to emulate a hypothetical pragmatic randomized trial (target trial). Published guidance to aid reporting of these studies is not available.
406. Fractional Flow Reserve-Guided Complete vs Culprit-Only Revascularization in Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Multivessel Disease: The SLIM Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Tobias F S Pustjens.;Leo Veenstra.;Cyril Camaro.;Alexander W Ruiters.;Árpad Lux.;Zoltán Ruzsa.;Zsolt Piroth.;Mustafa Ilhan.;Jindrich Vainer.;Ben Gho.;Patty J C Winkler.;Mera Stein.;Ralph A L J Theunissen.;Petr Kala.;Jawed Polad.;Balázs Berta.;Andrea Gabrio.;Niels van Royen.;Arnoud W J van 't Hof.;Saman Rasoul.
来源: JAMA. 2025年334卷18期1628-1637页
The benefits of fractional flow reserve (FFR)-guided complete coronary revascularization in patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and multivessel disease remain unclear.
407. Long-Term Anticoagulation Discontinuation After Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation: The ALONE-AF Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Daehoon Kim.;Jaemin Shim.;Eue-Keun Choi.;Il-Young Oh.;Jun Kim.;Young Soo Lee.;Junbeom Park.;Jum-Suk Ko.;Kyoung-Min Park.;Jung-Hoon Sung.;Hyung Wook Park.;Hyung-Seob Park.;Jong-Youn Kim.;Ki-Woon Kang.;Dongmin Kim.;Jin-Kyu Park.;Dae-Hyeok Kim.;Jin-Bae Kim.;Hee Tae Yu.;Tae-Hoon Kim.;Jae-Sun Uhm.;Hui-Nam Pak.;Boyoung Joung.; .
来源: JAMA. 2025年334卷14期1246-1254页
Data from randomized clinical trials on a long-term anticoagulation strategy for patients after catheter-based ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) are lacking.
408. Semaglutide and Tirzepatide in Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction.
作者: Nils Krüger.;Sebastian Schneeweiss.;Kenshiro Fuse.;Sofiya Matseyko.;Sushama Kattinakere Sreedhara.;Georg Hahn.;Heribert Schunkert.;Shirley V Wang.
来源: JAMA. 2025年334卷14期1255-1266页
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a major cause of hospitalization, often occurring in patients with cardiometabolic comorbidities such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Although early trials of semaglutide and tirzepatide have shown promising results in improving symptoms, those findings were based on few clinical events, leaving treatment recommendations uncertain.
409. Helicobacter pylori Screening After Acute Myocardial Infarction: The Cluster Randomized Crossover HELP-MI SWEDEHEART Trial.
作者: Robin Hofmann.;Stefan James.;Martin O Sundqvist.;Jonatan Wärme.;Oskar Angerås.;Joakim Alfredsson.;David Erlinge.;Gabriel Arefalk.;Göran Arstad.;Simon Blomberg.;Ole Fröbert.;Kristina Hambraeus.;Per M Hellström.;Jörg Lauermann.;Matthias Lidin.;Lars Lindhagen.;Georgios Mourtzinis.;Carolina Schoede.;Erik Thunström.;Birgitta Voldberg.;Henrik Wagner.;Ollie Östlund.;Tomas Jernberg.;Magnus Bäck.
来源: JAMA. 2025年334卷13期1160-1169页
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is common after myocardial infarction.
410. Bivalent RSV Prefusion F Protein-Based Vaccine for Preventing Cardiovascular Hospitalizations in Older Adults: A Prespecified Analysis of the DAN-RSV Trial.
作者: Mats C Højbjerg Lassen.;Niklas Dyrby Johansen.;Sine H Christensen.;Negar Aliabadi.;Kristoffer G Skaarup.;Daniel Modin.;Brian L Claggett.;Carsten S Larsen.;Lykke Larsen.;Lothar Wiese.;Michael Dalager-Pedersen.;Matias G Lindholm.;Anne Marie R Jensen.;Maria Dons.;Katrine F Bernholm.;Filip S Davidovski.;Lisa S Duus.;Camilla I Ottosen.;Anne B Nielsen.;Julie H Borchsenius.;Caroline Espersen.;Güldas Köse.;Frederik H Fussing.;Manan Pareek.;Lars Køber.;Scott D Solomon.;Jens Ulrik Stæhr Jensen.;Cyril Jean-Marie Martel.;Bradford D Gessner.;Claudia Schwarz.;Elisa Gonzalez.;Mette Skovdal.;Lawrence H Moulton.;Pingping Zhang.;Elizabeth Begier.;Tor Biering-Sørensen.
来源: JAMA. 2025年334卷16期1431-1441页
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is linked to elevated cardiovascular risk, particularly in individuals with preexisting cardiovascular disease (CVD). A bivalent RSV prefusion F protein (RSVpreF) vaccine was recently approved for preventing RSV-related lower respiratory tract illness, but its effectiveness against cardiovascular outcomes has not been evaluated in a randomized trial.
411. RSV Vaccine Effectiveness Against Hospitalization Among US Adults Aged 60 Years or Older During 2 Seasons.
作者: Diya Surie.;Wesley H Self.;Katharine A Yuengling.;Adam S Lauring.;Yuwei Zhu.;Basmah Safdar.;Adit A Ginde.;Samantha J Simon.;Ithan D Peltan.;Samuel M Brown.;Manjusha Gaglani.;Shekhar Ghamande.;Cristie Columbus.;Nicholas M Mohr.;Kevin W Gibbs.;David N Hager.;Matthew Prekker.;Michelle N Gong.;Amira Mohamed.;Nicholas J Johnson.;Jay S Steingrub.;Akram Khan.;Abhijit Duggal.;Alexandra J Gordon.;Nida Qadir.;Steven Y Chang.;Christopher Mallow.;Jamie R Felzer.;Jennie H Kwon.;Matthew C Exline.;Ivana A Vaughn.;Mayur Ramesh.;Leigh Papalambros.;Jarrod M Mosier.;Estelle S Harris.;Adrienne Baughman.;Sydney A Cornelison.;Paul W Blair.;Cassandra A Johnson.;Nathaniel M Lewis.;Sascha Ellington.;Carlos G Grijalva.;H Keipp Talbot.;Jonathan D Casey.;Natasha Halasa.;James D Chappell.;Rachel E Rutkowski.;Kevin C Ma.;Fatimah S Dawood.; .
来源: JAMA. 2025年334卷16期1442-1451页
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccines for adults aged 60 years or older became available in 2023. One dose is recommended for all adults aged 75 years or older and those aged 60 to 74 years at increased risk of severe RSV; however, duration of protection is unknown.
412. Remote Screening for Asymptomatic Atrial Fibrillation: The AMALFI Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Rohan Wijesurendra.;Guilherme Pessoa-Amorim.;Georgina Buck.;Charlie Harper.;Richard Bulbulia.;Alison Offer.;Nicholas R Jones.;Christine A'Court.;Rijo Kurien.;Karen Taylor.;Barbara Casadei.;Louise Bowman.
来源: JAMA. 2025年334卷15期1349-1357页
Screening for atrial fibrillation (AF) might reduce stroke if it increases long-term AF detection and anticoagulation use compared with usual care.
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