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285. Metformin for Knee Osteoarthritis in Patients With Overweight or Obesity: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
作者: Feng Pan.;Yuanyuan Wang.;Yuan Z Lim.;Donna M Urquhart.;Mahnuma Mahfuz Estee.;Anita E Wluka.;Rory Wolfe.;Flavia M Cicuttini.
来源: JAMA. 2025年333卷20期1804-1812页
Preclinical and preliminary human evidence suggests that metformin, a first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes, reduces inflammation, preserves cartilage, and improves knee pain in knee osteoarthritis.
287. Modeling Reemergence of Vaccine-Eliminated Infectious Diseases Under Declining Vaccination in the US.
作者: Mathew V Kiang.;Kate M Bubar.;Yvonne Maldonado.;Peter J Hotez.;Nathan C Lo.
来源: JAMA. 2025年333卷24期2176-2187页
Widespread childhood vaccination has eliminated many infectious diseases in the US. However, vaccination rates are declining, and there are ongoing policy debates to reduce the childhood vaccine schedule, which may risk reemergence of previously eliminated infectious diseases.
292. Trends in Mental Health Diagnoses Among Publicly Insured Children.
作者: Janet R Cummings.;Xin Hu.;Jordan Marchak.;Cristian Ramos.;Ilana Graetz.;Xu Ji.
来源: JAMA. 2025年333卷22期1988-1997页
Children living in poverty are at increased risk of mental health and neurodevelopmental disorders. Little is known about the trends in diagnoses of these disorders among children enrolled in public insurance programs, such as Medicaid, which insure more than 1 in 3 US children.
298. Herpes Zoster Vaccination and Dementia Occurrence.
作者: Michael Pomirchy.;Christian Bommer.;Fabienne Pradella.;Felix Michalik.;Ruth Peters.;Pascal Geldsetzer.
来源: JAMA. 2025年333卷23期2083-2092页
Recent evidence from a quasi-experiment in Wales showed that herpes zoster (HZ) vaccination appears to prevent or delay dementia. Exploiting a similar quasi-experiment in Australia, this study investigated the effect of HZ vaccination on dementia occurrence in a different population and health system setting.
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