Burkitt Lymphoma（BL） is a highly aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by extremely rapid proliferation and specific genetic alterations, representing the fastest-growing human malignancy. Early detection is associated with high treatment success rates, while advanced stages carry a poor prognosis. Our department admitted a pediatric patient with BL primarily originating in the adenoids. The child was initially hospitalized for adenoid hypertrophy and underwent surgical resection, with routine postoperative pathology showing no significant abnormalities. Three weeks postoperatively, the patient was readmitted due to left facial and periorbital pain. A series of examinations ultimately confirmed the diagnosis of lymphoma. Following aggressive treatment, the patient achieved disease stabilization and exhibited good recovery.

Objective: To analyze the clinical outcomes of people with abnormal cervical cancer screening results but normal colposcopic findings, and explore the reasons for missed detection high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia Ⅱ and worse (CINⅡ+). Methods: People who underwent colposcopy at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital from January 1st, 2019 to December 31st, 2019 were selected. Those with normal colposcopic findings were included, some of them underwent biopsy, others were followed up for one year. Data including thinprep cytologic test (TCT) and high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV)screening results, colposcopic image characteristics, and histopathological outcomes were collected for statistical analysis. Based on cytology results, people with normal colposcopic findings were divided into two groups: the low-risk group [negative for intraepithelial lesion and malignancy (NILM), atypical squamous cell of undetermined signification (ASCUS), and low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL)] and the high-risk group [high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), atypical squamous cells cannot exclude high-grade lesion (ASC-H), and atypical glandular cells (AGC)]. The detection performance of normal colposcopic findings was evaluated by calculating sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and overall accuracy. Furthermore, based on follow-up results, the missed detection rate of CINⅡ+in these people and the reasons for missed detection were analyzed. Results: A total of 1 584 women with normal colposcopic findings were included in this study; the median age was 39.0 years. Among them, 1 419 cases were in low-risk group, and 165 cases were in high-risk group. (1) All of the women in high-risk group underwent cervical biopsy, the CINⅡ+ missed detection rate was 37.58% (62/165). In contrast, 133 cases in low-risk group underwent cervical biopsy, of which 14 cases were immediate missed detection, while 1 068 cases who did not undergo cervical biopsy completed one year of follow-up, 16 and 6 new cases of CINⅡ+ were detected at 6 months and 1 year, respectively. Among the 16 new detected cases at 6 months, 12 of them were CINⅡ (1 was focal CINⅡ and 11 were multifocal CINⅡ) and 4 of them were CINⅢ. Among the 6 new detected cases at 1 year, 4 of them were CINⅡ (2 were focal CINⅡ and 2 were multifocal CINⅡ) and 2 of them were CINⅢ. (2) The immediate missed detection rate of CINⅡ+ in low-risk group was 1.17% (14/1 201), and the cumulative missed detection rate at one year was 3.00% (36/1 021). Normal colposcopic findings demonstrated a high negative predictive value (92.83%) for identifying CINⅡ+, particularly in low-risk group (97.00%). However, the specificity was only 74.97%. (3) The TCT and HR-HPV results of women with missed detection of colposcopy were analyzed. All of the 36 cases in low-risk group had HR-HPV infection, 28 cases had HPV 16/18 infection, and 8 people had non-16/18 HR-HPV infection. In the low-risk group with missed detection, 20 cases had the TCT result of NILM, 9 had ASCUS and 7 had LSIL. Among the 62 cases in the high-risk group with missed detection of colposcopy, 56 had HR-HPV infection and 6 did not have HR-HPV infection. Among 56 cases who had HR-HPV infection, 26 cases had HPV 16/18 infection, 30 cases had non-16/18 HR-HPV infection. (4) Univariate and multivariate analyses of factors associated with missed detection of CINⅡ+ lesions identified HR-HPV infection, transformation zone type, and the location of endocervical lesion as independent influencing factors (all P<0.05). Conclusions: The risk of missed detection of cervical CINⅡ+ lesions in in low-risk group people is extremely low, particularly in HPV negative people. Follow-up observation is recommended for these people, which could reduce unnecessary cervical biopsies.

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of pregnancy complicated with diffuse uterine leiomyomatosis (DUL), and to explore the treatment strategies for its complications during pregnancy and perinatal period. Methods: The clinical data of 12 pregnant women with DUL who delivered in Peking University Third Hospital from May 2017 to October 2024 were collected, and their complications during pregnancy and perinatal period, radiological features, and treatment strategies were analyzed. Results: The median age of 12 pregnant women with DUL was 32 years (range: 28 to 38 years), and all of them were primiparas with singleton pregnancy. Among the 12 pregnant women, only 7 cases (7/12) were suspected of DUL by imaging examination during pregnancy. Five cases (5/12) only showed multiple uterine fibroids by ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging during pregnancy, which were finally diagnosed according to intraoperative exploration. Five cases (5/12) of DUL had signs of threatened abortion or threatened preterm birth such as uterine contraction and bleeding during pregnancy, including 3 cases of preterm birth (2 cases of spontaneous preterm birth and 1 case of iatrogenic preterm birth due to prenatal hemorrhage). Among the 12 pregnant women with DUL, 2 cases (2/12) had abnormal fetal position, 3 cases (3/12) had placental adhesion, and 1 case (1/12) had fibroid degeneration. Among the 12 pregnant women with DUL, 9 cases (9/12) were delivered by cesarean section, of which 3 cases were converted to cesarean section because of failed trial of labor, and 6 cases were directly terminated by cesarean section because of abnormal fetal position or previous myomectomy history. Postpartum hemorrhage occurred in 5 cases (5/12), including 4 cases of severe postpartum hemorrhage, and uterine tamponade had good hemostatic effect. Three cases (3/12) had fever after operation or postpartum. All the 12 pregnant women were discharged in a stable condition. Among the 12 neonates, 2 (2/12) were transferred to the department of pediatrics due to premature birth and finally discharged smoothly. Conclusions: Pregnancy complicated with DUL is a high-risk pregnancy, which increases the risk of complications during gestation, delivery and postpartum. Uterine cavity compression hemostasis may be an effective measure to deal with postpartum hemorrhage.

The macrotrabecular-massive (MTM) subtype of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a histological variant with higher malignant potential. Non-invasive preoperative identification of MTM-HCC is crucial for precise treatment. Current radiomics-based diagnostic models often integrate multi-phase features by simple feature concatenation, which may inadequately explore the latent complementary information between phases. This study proposes a feature fusion-based radiomics model using multi-phase contrast-enhanced computed tomography (mpCECT) images. Features were extracted from the arterial phase (AP), portal venous phase (PVP), and delayed phase (DP) CT images of 121 HCC patients. The fusion model was constructed and compared against the traditional concatenation model. Five-fold cross-validation demonstrated that the feature fusion model combining AP and PVP features achieved the best classification performance, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.839. Furthermore, for any combination of two phases, the feature fusion model consistently outperformed the traditional feature concatenation approach. In conclusion, the proposed feature fusion model effectively enhances the discrimination capability compared to traditional models, providing a new tool for clinical practice.

Prostate cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies among men worldwide, and its diagnosis relies heavily on accurate analysis of whole slide imaging (WSI) in histopathology. However, manual interpretation is time-consuming and prone to inconsistent accuracy. Existing multiple instance learning (MIL)-based studies can assist diagnosis but still suffer from high computational cost, insufficient exploitation of inter-instance relationships, and neglect of tissue heterogeneity. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a feature distillation multiple instance learning method based on sequence reorganization mamba (FDMIL). The proposed approach leveraged the long-sequence modeling capability of SR-Mamba to capture effective inter-instance dependencies and heterogeneity. Meanwhile, a feature distillation mechanism was introduced to remove redundant representations and reduce computational overhead. Additionally, an auxiliary loss function was designed to mitigate pseudo-bag noise interference. We evaluated FDMIL on the Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) prostate cancer WSI dataset and the public Camelyon16 dataset. Experimental results demonstrated that FDMIL achieved significant performance improvements on both datasets, reaching an AUC of 93.9%, ACC of 90.1%, and F1-score of 87.3%, outperforming existing state-of-the-art methods. These results verify the effectiveness and clinical applicability of FDMIL in both institutional and public scenarios.

Objective: To analyze the predictive model of lymph node metastasis rate (LNR) in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and its relationship with prognosis. Methods: This study included clinical characteristics and prognostic information of 172 patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to calculate the optimal cutoff values for groups. Kaplan Meier survival curves were plotted using R language, and critical factors affecting prognosis were determined by Cox regression analysis. A prognostic prediction model was constructed and visualized using nomogram, and this model was validated using the SEER database. Results: Through ROC curve analysis, with 3-year overall survival (OS) as the benchmark, an LNR of 0.15 was identified as the optimal cutoff value for predicting the prognosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patients, with an area under the curve of 0.764 (95% CI: 0.690, 0.838). Patients were divided into a low LNR group (LNR＜0.15, n=97) and a high LNR group (LNR≥0.15, n=75) based on the LNR value. Statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of carbohydrate antigen 19-9, tumor size, lymph node metastasis, tumor number, and stage (all P＜0.05). The median survival time of the high LNR group was 20 months (95% CI: 13-23), significantly shorter than that of the low LNR group, which was 36 months (95% CI: 21-43) (P＜0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that a high LNR value (HR=0.55, 95% CI: 0.32-0.95, P=0.033), age＞60 years (HR=0.53, 95% CI: 0.35-0.81, P=0.004), and tumor diameter＞5.5 cm (HR=0.62, 95% CI: 0.41-0.93, P=0.022) were independent factors affecting OS. A prognostic prediction model was established based on these independent factors, and the predicted 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year survival rates were close to the actual observed values. Validation using the SEER database also demonstrated the high predictive accuracy of this model. Conclusion: The clinical prognostic model based on lymph node metastasis rate can effectively predict the postoperative survival of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and provide important basis for clinical decision.

Objective: To explore the pathogenesis, clinicopathological and molecular genetic features of H3/IDH wildtype, paediatric-type high-grade glioma (RTK1). Methods: A total of five cases diagnosed by the clinical features,imaging,histopathology,molecular genetics and prognosis from the Department of Pathology, the First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital were collected(2022-2025). Results: Among the five cases, three were female and two were male, aged 5-38 years,the median age is 8 years old.Tumors were located in the left/right frontal lobe, cerebellum brainstem, and right temporal lobe, respectively. The poor limb movement, unstable walking, headache accompanied by nausea, vomiting in five cases. Histopathology shows features of high-grade gliomas histological changes characterized by densely arranged cells with cell atypia, vascular proliferation,necrosis and mitotic activity. Molecular showed of PDGFRA amplification or mutation in five cases, accompanied by MGMT methylation, TERT, TP53 mutation. The total course of disease from onset to death in one case is about 10 years, indicating that the progression of the disease is slower than that of adult high-grade gliomas. Conclusions: Pediatric-type gliomas occur predominantly in children but can also be observed in adults. Their disease progression and prognosis are generally more favorable compared to adult-type high-grade gliomas. Molecular testing plays a crucial role in diagnosis and differential diagnosis, holding significant importance for treatment and prognosis evaluation.

Objective: Exploring the therapeutic value of ovarianectomy in patients with colorectal cancer accompanied by ovarian metastasis and simultaneous multiple organ distant metastasis. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical pathological data of 125 patients with colorectal cancer and ovarian metastasis accompanied by multiple organ distant metastasis, who were treated at the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 2014 to December 2023. Based on whether ovarianectomy was performed, patients were divided into a surgical group (95 cases, 76.0%) and a non-surgical group (30 cases, 24.0%). The effectiveness of systemic treatment and overall survival (OS) were compared between the two groups. Results: Among the 95 patients in the surgical group, 8 patients (8.4%) experienced minor postoperative complications, with no instances of systemic treatment being affected by postoperative complications. Within the surgical group, 11 patients (11.6%) underwent preoperative neoadjuvant therapy. Postoperative pathological reports from these patients revealed that ovarian metastases exhibited the poorest treatment response compared to tumor foci in other sites, all demonstrating only mild therapeutic effects. All 95 patients in the surgical group received postoperative systemic treatment (chemotherapy±targeted therapy), and the efficacy was assessed. Among them, 16 patients (16.8%) had partial remission (PR), 57 patients (60.0%) had stable disease (SD), 3 patients (3.2%) had disease progression (PD), and 19 patients (20.0%) could not be evaluated. In the non-surgical group of 30 patients, 7 (23.3%) had SD and 23 (76.7%) had PD. The difference in efficacy between the two groups was statistically significant (P＜0.001). The median OS for all patients was 28 months (95% CI: 21.5-34.5), with 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates of 84.5%, 40.7%, and 23.9%, respectively. The median OS for patients in the surgical group was 35 months (95% CI: 23.9-46.1), with 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates of 87.1%, 45.0%, and 26.4%, respectively. The median OS for patients in the non-surgical group was 23 months (95% CI: 16.6-29.4), with 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates of 76.2%, 27.8%, and 13.9%, respectively. The prognosis of patients in the surgical group was significantly better than that in the non-surgical group (P=0.034). Conclusion: Performing ovarianectomy in patients with colorectal cancer and ovarian metastases accompanied by multiple organ distant metastases can prolong survival, improve the efficacy of systemic treatment, and enhance quality of life, resulting in significant overall clinical benefits.

Objective: The optimal adjuvant treatment regimen for pancreatic cancer after surgery remains undetermined. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of S-1 combined with gemcitabine (GS) versus S-1 monotherapy in adjuvant therapy for pancreatic cancer. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on postoperative pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients who received GS or S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from March 2016 to September 2024. Clinicalopathological characteristics, molecular features, treatment details, efficacy outcomes, and toxicity data were collected via electronic medical records and telephone follow-up. Results: A total of 454 patients were included, with 313 receiving GS and 141 receiving S-1. GS-treated patients were generally younger (median age: 62 vs. 66 years, P＜0.001). The median disease-free survival (DFS, 15.4 vs. 12.5 months, P=0.150) and overall survival (OS, 33.5 vs. 24.7 months, P=0.150) showed trends toward prolongation in the GS group compared with the S-1 group. In CA19-9-positive patients prior to adjuvant chemotherapy, GS therapy significantly prolonged DFS (10.7 vs. 8.8 months, P=0.040) and OS (28.2 vs. 19.8 months, P=0.003) compared with S-1 monotherapy. However, the GS group had a higher incidence of grade ≥3 adverse events [59.3%(128/216) vs. 39.4%(26/66), P=0.007], particularly neutropenia [40.7%(88/216) vs. 19.7%(13/66), P=0.003] and fatigue [19.0%(41/216) vs. 7.6%(5/66), P=0.045]. Molecular analysis revealed that TP53 gene variants may predict poor survival outcomes, but no association was observed between homologous recombination repair-related gene variants and treatment efficacy of GS or S-1. Conclusions: GS adjuvant therapy demonstrates trends toward improved DFS and OS compared with S-1 monotherapy in postoperative pancreatic cancer patients, though without statistical significance. GS was superior to S-1 in CA19-9-positive patients. The correlation between genetic mutation profiles and adjuvant treatment outcomes in pancreatic cancer requires further exploration.

Objectives: To explore the correlation between the changes in serum interleukin-8 (IL-8) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and the efficacy of anti-programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) inhibitors in patients with recurrent and metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Trying to identify predictive indicators for the efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in these patients. Methods: A prospective analysis was conducted on the clinical and laboratory data of 80 patients diagnosed with recurrent and metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma at Huadong Hospital from January 2022 to December 2024. Fasting peripheral blood (3 ml) was collected from patients at baseline, 2-4 weeks after the start of treatment, and at each follow-up visit to measure IL-8 and IL-6 levels, and the correlation between these levels and the efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors was analyzed. Results: The median age of the patients was 62 years old, and 80 cases completed the follow-up. According to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST, version 1.1), patients with best responses of complete response, partial response, and stable disease were defined as responders; those with best responses of progressive disease were defined as non-responders. In responders, the median serum IL-8 level at best response (BR) was significantly lower than that at baseline (BL) [BL: 34.6(26.9, 65.2) pg/ml, BR: 11.6(9.4, 32.6) pg/ml; P＜0.001], and significantly increased at progressive disease (PD)[BR: 11.6(9.4, 32.6) pg/ml, PD: 79.0(44.55, 107.7) pg/ml, P＜0.001]. In non-responders, the median serum IL-8 level at PD was significantly higher than that at BL[BL: 30.5(24.6, 77.5) pg/ml, PD: 80.95(68.45, 117.25) pg/ml; P＜0.001]. The early changes in serum IL-8 levels (2-4 weeks after the first dose) were associated with the efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors [responders: -38.6%(-47.2%, -11.8%); non-responders: 44.5%(3.5%, 59.8%), P＜0.001]. With a cut-off value of -8.85% for the percentage change in serum IL-8 levels from BL to 2-4 weeks, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.913 (95% CI: 0.853-0.973; P＜0.001), the specificity was 80.9% (95% CI: 66.7%-90.9%), and the sensitivity was 87.9% (95% CI: 71.8%-96.6%). Patients were divided into two groups based on the early change ratio of IL-8:＜-8.85% change group and ≥-8.85% change group. There were 4 deaths in the <-8.85% change group and 10 deaths in the ≥-8.85% change group. The 24-month cumulative survival rate in the -8.85% change group was significantly higher than that in the ≥-8.85% change group (85.1% vs. 70.2%, P=0.025). The risk of death in the ≥-8.85% change group was 3.392 times higher than that of the < -8.85% change group(HR=3.392 ,95% CI: 1.175-9.789). In responders, the serum IL-6 level at PD was significantly higher than that at BR[BR: 4.3(2.6,8.8) pg/ml, PD: 11.4(4.7,25.3) pg/ml, P＜0.001]. In non-responders, the serum IL-6 level at PD was significantly higher than that at BL [BL: 7.9(4.5,17.2) pg/ml, PD: 15.9(7.3,23.3) pg/ml, P=0.030]. The early changes in serum IL-6 levels were not associated with the efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors[responders: -0.12%(-0.39%, 0.27%); non-responders: 0.05%(-0.13%, 0.20%), P=0.059]. Conclusions: The changes in serum IL-8 and IL-6 levels are associated with the efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in patients, which may be effective and easily assessable biomarkers for predicting the efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in patients with recurrent and metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma. An early decline in serum IL-8 levels (2-4 weeks after the first administration) is positively correlated with the efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.

Objective: To address postoperative complications of esophageal cancer, especially anastomotic leakage and the resulting fatal infections, we aimed to establish an optimized surgical system, secure approach for esophagectomy with retrosternal reconstruction (SAFER), centered on the retrosternal reconstruction route, with the goals of reducing surgical risk and enhancing surgical quality. Methods: The SAFER esophagectomy system was developed in collaboration with 9 medical centers in China. We retrospectively analyzed data from 131 consecutive esophageal cancer patients treated at the Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital between January and April 2025. All patients underwent thoracoscopic-laparoscopic-assisted three-incision esophagectomy or inflatable mediastinoscopic esophagectomy, with digestive tract reconstruction via the retrosternal route. Key components of the SAFER system included: (1) Standardized total mesoesophageal excision and lymphadenectomy with preservation of the azygos vein arch and right bronchial artery; (2) Gastric mobilization and abdominal lymphadenectomy; (3) Tubular stomach construction and retrosternal tunnel creation; (4) Cervical anastomosis; (5) Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols. Results: There were no perioperative deaths. The anastomotic leakage rate was 5.3% (7/131), significantly lower than the rates reported in most traditional literature (4.2%-22.2%). None of the leakage cases developed systemic infection or organ failure, with an average healing time of 17 days. Other complications included pneumonia (8.4%, 11/131), hoarseness (9.2%, 12/131), and atrial fibrillation (7.6%, 10/131). No chylothorax occurred. Median operative time was 268 minutes, with a median blood loss of 50 ml. The median number of lymph nodes dissected was 36 (19 thoracic + 17 abdominal). Physical status score at 1 week postoperatively was 0-1, and the average hospital stay was 7 days. Conclusions: The SAFER system, utilizing retrosternal reconstruction and other optimized procedures, maximally isolates the tubular stomach and anastomosis from the thoracic cavity, thereby preventing systemic infection caused by anastomotic leakage. Its standardized workflow significantly reduces surgical complexity, ensures oncological resection and standardized lymphadenectomy, and facilitates rapid recovery, providing a safe and high-quality solution for esophageal cancer surgery.

Objective: To investigate the expression of microfibril-associated protein 5 (MFAP5) in ovarian cancer and its influence on malignant behavior of ovarian cancer cells. Methods: GEPIA, CSIOVDB and Kaplan-Meier Plotter online databases were used to analyze the expression of MFAP5 in various tumor tissues, especially in ovarian cancer. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression level of MFAP5 in ovarian cancer tissue chip (The tissue microarray was commissioned to Zhongke Guanghua [Xi'an] Intelligent Biotechnology Co., Ltd. for processing. The specimens were sourced from Henan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2018 to March 2023), and the relationship between MFAP5 expression and the clinical characteristics of patients with ovarian cancer was analyzed using SPSS software. Kaplan-Meier Plotter online database was used to analyze the relationship between MFAP5 expression and survival prognosis of ovarian cancer patients. The ovarian cancer data sets GSE9891 and TCGA594 were downloaded from GEO and TCGA respectively, and ssGSEA was used to analyze the scores of gene sets related to epithelial mesenchymal transition, migration and invasion in ovarian cancer data sets. Next, the relationship between MFAP5 expression and the above scores was analyzed using GraphPad Prism. The expression of MFAP5 in normal fibroblasts (NFs) and cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) was verified by western blot. MFAP5 expression in CAFs was reduced by MFAP5-si RNA, and influence of CAFs with high or low expression of MFAP5 on malignant behavior of ovarian cancer cell SKOV3 was verified by transwell test. The influence of CAFs with high or low expression of MFAP5 on epithelial mesenchymal transition markers of ovarian cancer cell SKOV3 was verified by western blot. The CCK8 assay and 3D co-culture model were used to verify the effects of CAFs with high and low MFAP5 expression on the chemoresistance of ovarian cancer cells SKOV3. Transwell assay, western blot, and 3D co-culture model were used to explore and verify the related pathways through which MFAP5 affects the malignant behavior and drug resistance of ovarian cancer cells SKOV3. Results: Online data analysis showed that the expression of MFAP5 in ovarian cancer tissue was significantly higher than that in normal ovarian tissue (P＜0.001). Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of MFAP5 was mainly concentrated in ovarian cancer stroma, and the later stage and the higher grade ovarian cancer tissues showed higher MFAP5 expression. Survival analysis showed that the high expression of MFAP5 was related to the poor prognosis of patients, and it was only significant in later stages and higher grades. ssGSEA analysis showed that the expression of MFAP5 was positively correlated with the scores of gene sets related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition, migration and invasion of ovarian cancer. In vitro experiments showed that reducing the expression of MFAP5 in CAFs could not only partially reduce its supportive effect on the malignant behaviors such as migration and invasion of ovarian cancer epithelial cells SKOV3 (The number of migrating cells in the control group, si-NC group, and si-MFAP5-group was 73.44±7.80, 199.74±18.26, and 91.21±6.70, respectively. The number of invading cells in the control group, si-NC group, and si-MFAP5-group was 61.62±8.76, 174.81±15.23, and 67.17±9.83, respectively), but also increase the sensitivity of ovarian cancer epithelial cells SKOV3 to chemotherapy and maintenance therapy. Further research showed that MFAP5 could activate the AKT signaling pathway in ovarian cancer cells SKOV3, and inhibiting the AKT pathway could block the supportive effect of MFAP5 on the malignant behavior and drug resistance of ovarian cancer cells. Conclusions: MFAP5 is highly expressed in ovarian cancer, especially in the stromal tissue of ovarian cancer, where the expression level is the highest. High expression of MFAP5 often indicates a poor prognosis for ovarian cancer patients. By reducing the expression of MFAP5 in CAFs, the supportive effect on the malignant biological behavior and drug resistance of ovarian cancer epithelial cells can be weakened. The underlying mechanism of this phenomenon may be related to the blockade of the AKT signaling pathway in ovarian cancer cells.

Amivantamab is the first fully humanized bispecific antibody approved for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the world. Amivantamab can block epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway and mesenchymal-epithelial transformation factor (MET) pathway simultaneously, trigger the internalization and degradation of EGFR and MET, and activate the antitumor immune response. Amivantamab has been approved by the National Medical Products Administration for the treatment of adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC with EGFR exon 20 insertion mutation, EGFR exon 19 deletion or exon 21 L858R substitution mutation, and is expected to be widely used in clinical practice soon. How to reasonably manage the adverse reactions related to amivantamab and maximize its efficacy is an urgent problem to be solved. Based on the existing medical evidence, combined with clinical experience, the expert group of this consensus finally formulated this "Expert consensus on amivantamab clinical application and adverse reaction management (2025 edition)" after multiple discussions. The contents of the consensus include the clinical use and management of adverse reactions of amivantamab. The recommendations focus on the prevention of infusion-related reactions, skin adverse reactions, venous thromboembolism, peripheral edema, oral mucositis, ocular toxicity and interstitial lung disease, amivantamab dose adjustment and treatment when adverse events occur, in order to provide guidance for clinicians to correctly use amivantamab and manage related adverse reactions.

Bone metastasis from lung cancer is one of the common complications in patients with advanced lung cancer, which can lead to pathological fractures, spinal cord compression, bone surgery, bone radiotherapy, and other skeletal related events (SREs), severely affecting the quality of life and prognosis of patients. The Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Committee of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology convened a multidisciplinary expert panel comprising specialists from respiratory medicine, oncology, orthopedics, radiation oncology, nuclear medicine, radiology, and oral and maxillofacial surgery to develop this consensus. It is based on domestic and international evidence-based medicine and clinical practice experience, and was formulated through repeated consultations and thorough discussions. The consensus provides nine recommendations from six perspectives: diagnosis, screening, treatment strategies, bone-targeted drug treatment strategies and management of adverse reactions, local treatment, and efficacy evaluation. These recommendations are intended for reference and used by relevant medical personnel. The development of this consensus aims to provide scientific and practical guidance for clinicians, with the expectation of improving the quality of life and prognosis of patients.

Lung cancer is the malignant tumor with the highest morbidity and mortality in China. Standardized pathological diagnosis of lung cancer is crucial for determining clinical strategy and evaluating prognosis. Currently, there are issues such as relatively lagging overall construction, uneven diagnostic levels and inaccessibility to advanced diagnostic techniques in the pathology departments of county-level and prefectural medical institutions within the close-knit medical alliance in China. To implement the national policy on the hierarchical diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer, standardize the pathological diagnosis of lung cancer in county-level and prefectural medical institutions to meet the basic needs of lung cancer diagnosis and treatment, and support the advancement of the Healthy China strategy and the construction of a close-knit medical alliance, experts were organized by the Lung Cancer Group of the Pathology Committee of the China Anti-Cancer Association, to develop comprehensive consensus recommendations and their levels to promote the standardization of the entire process of lung cancer pathological diagnosis. This was done by combining domestic and international guidelines and current domestic situation, focusing on three types of specimen: cytology, biopsy and surgical resection. The consensus framework is constructed and elaborated from five aspects: pre-processing of specimen standardization, morphological pathological assessment, immunohistochemistry, special staining, molecular pathological detection and standardized reporting. It also covers issues of concern in industry such as postoperative pathological assessment after neoadjuvant therapy and intraoperative frozen diagnosis. During the process of consensus formation, the Delphi questionnaire survey and consensus conference method were used, by combination of online and offline forms. The consensus focuses on the standardization and feasibility of application, aiming to promote the standardization of lung cancer pathological diagnosis and provide guiding suggestions for clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis evaluation of lung cancer in county-level and prefectural medical institutions.

Retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcomas (RPS) represent a clinically challenging group of heterogeneous mesenchymal malignancies, predominantly comprising liposarcoma and leiomyosarcoma subtypes. These tumors are characterized by aggressive biological behavior, high rates of local recurrence, and unfavorable clinical outcomes. The nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) serves as a critical regulator of diverse physiological processes, including adipocyte differentiation, glucose/lipid metabolism, inflammatory responses, and immune homeostasis. Emerging evidence demonstrates that dysregulation of PPARγ signaling is closely associated with RPS pathogenesis, particularly in retroperitoneal liposarcoma (RPLS), where PPARγ functional inactivation or aberrant expression correlates significantly with tumor grade and clinical progression. While preclinical studies have demonstrated the therapeutic potential of PPARγ agonists in suppressing tumor proliferation and inducing apoptosis, clinical translation has been limited by intertumoral heterogeneity in drug responsiveness and dose-limiting adverse effects. This review systematically examines the molecular biology of PPARγ and its emerging role in RPS pathobiology, with the aim of informing precision diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for this complex disease entity.

Objective Through integrated omics analysis of melanoma clinical samples, this study aims to investigate the clinical significance of solute carrier family 1 member 5 (SLC1A5) expression and its correlation with the tumor immune microenvironment. Methods Transcriptomic data from melanoma tissues in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and other databases were analyzed. Cox regression and log-rank tests were used to evaluate the correlation between SLC1A5 expression and patient survival. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to explore potential functional mechanisms. The correlation between SLC1A5 expression and clinicopathological characteristics, immune infiltration and immunomodulatory molecule expression were systematically analyzed. Results Metastatic melanoma exhibited significantly higher SLC1A5 expression than primary melanoma. Elevated SLC1A5 expression correlated with worse overall survival (OS), progression-free interval (PFI) and disease-free interval (DFI) in melanoma patients. GSEA revealed significant enrichment of metastasis-related pathway, anti-apoptotic process, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling and immunomodulatory pathway in SLC1A5-high tumors. Furthermore, SLC1A5 expression correlated with immune infiltration (T cells, monocytes and M2-type macrophages), and positively correlated with immune checkpoint molecules [cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4), poliovirus receptor-like 2 (PVRL2)], chemokines [C-C motif chemokine ligand 18 (CCL18), CCL20] and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), while negatively correlating with T cell chemokines [C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9 (CXCL9)/CXCL10/CXCL11]. Conclusion SLC1A5 serves as an independent prognostic biomarker in melanoma. Its overexpression may shape an immunesuppressive microenvironment by dysregulating immune molecules expression and cellular infiltration, ultimately facilitating immune escape and malignant progression.

To investigate the expression of the 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 11 (PSMD11) in gastric cancer and its impact on long-term patient prognosis. Methods Tumor and adjacent tissue samples were collected from a cohort of 94 gastric cancer patients treated at our hospital from January, 2016 to December, 2019. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect PSMD11 and Ki67 expression levels in the tissues, whose correlations with clinicopathological parameters and postoperative 5-year survival of the patients were analyzed. PSMD11 expression in gastric cancer was also analyzed using data from the GEPIA and UALCAN databases, while the KM-plotter database was used to predict 5-year survival rates. KEGG and GO enrichment analyses were employed to predict the biological functions and mechanisms of PSMD11. In cultured HGC-27 cells, the effects of PSMD11 knockdown and overexpression on cell migration, invasion and expressions of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and TGF‑β/Smad pathway proteins were evaluated using scratch wound healing assay, Transwell assay, and Western blotting.

To investigate the inhibitory effect of polyphyllin VII (PP7) on osteosarcoma xenograft growth in mice and explore the underlying molecular mechanism.