当前位置: 首页 >> 检索结果
1. Will Neuroimaging Reveal a Severe Intracranial Injury in This Adult With Minor Head Trauma?: The Rational Clinical Examination Systematic Review.
作者: Joshua S Easter.;Jason S Haukoos.;William P Meehan.;Victor Novack.;Jonathan A Edlow.
来源: JAMA. 2015年314卷24期2672-81页
Adults with apparently minor head trauma (Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] scores ≥13 who appear well on examination) may have severe intracranial injuries requiring prompt intervention. Findings from clinical examination can aid in determining which adults with minor trauma have severe intracranial injuries visible on computed tomography (CT).
2. Training Physicians to Provide High-Value, Cost-Conscious Care: A Systematic Review.
作者: Lorette A Stammen.;Renée E Stalmeijer.;Emma Paternotte.;Andrea Oudkerk Pool.;Erik W Driessen.;Fedde Scheele.;Laurents P S Stassen.
来源: JAMA. 2015年314卷22期2384-400页
Increasing health care expenditures are taxing the sustainability of the health care system. Physicians should be prepared to deliver high-value, cost-conscious care.
3. Prevalence of Depression and Depressive Symptoms Among Resident Physicians: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
作者: Douglas A Mata.;Marco A Ramos.;Narinder Bansal.;Rida Khan.;Constance Guille.;Emanuele Di Angelantonio.;Srijan Sen.
来源: JAMA. 2015年314卷22期2373-83页
Physicians in training are at high risk for depression. However, the estimated prevalence of this disorder varies substantially between studies.
4. CPAP vs Mandibular Advancement Devices and Blood Pressure in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with higher levels of blood pressure (BP), which can lead to increased cardiovascular risk.
5. Does This Patient With Chest Pain Have Acute Coronary Syndrome?: The Rational Clinical Examination Systematic Review.
作者: Alexander C Fanaroff.;Jennifer A Rymer.;Sarah A Goldstein.;David L Simel.;L Kristin Newby.
来源: JAMA. 2015年314卷18期1955-65页
About 10% of patients with acute chest pain are ultimately diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Early, accurate estimation of the probability of ACS in these patients using the clinical examination could prevent many hospital admissions among low-risk patients and ensure that high-risk patients are promptly treated.
6. Benefits and Harms of Breast Cancer Screening: A Systematic Review.
作者: Evan R Myers.;Patricia Moorman.;Jennifer M Gierisch.;Laura J Havrilesky.;Lars J Grimm.;Sujata Ghate.;Brittany Davidson.;Ranee Chatterjee Mongtomery.;Matthew J Crowley.;Douglas C McCrory.;Amy Kendrick.;Gillian D Sanders.
来源: JAMA. 2015年314卷15期1615-34页
Patients need to consider both benefits and harms of breast cancer screening.
7. Evaluation and Treatment of Pericarditis: A Systematic Review.
Pericarditis is the most common form of pericardial disease and a relatively common cause of chest pain.
8. Medical Therapies for Adult Chronic Sinusitis: A Systematic Review.
Chronic sinusitis is a common inflammatory condition defined by persistent symptomatic inflammation of the sinonasal cavities lasting longer than 3 months. It accounts for 1% to 2% of total physician encounters and is associated with large health care expenditures. Appropriate use of medical therapies for chronic sinusitis is necessary to optimize patient quality of life (QOL) and daily functioning and minimize the risk of acute inflammatory exacerbations.
9. Does This Patient Have Posttraumatic Stress Disorder?: Rational Clinical Examination Systematic Review.
作者: Michele R Spoont.;John W Williams.;Shannon Kehle-Forbes.;Jason A Nieuwsma.;Monica C Mann-Wrobel.;Raz Gross.
来源: JAMA. 2015年314卷5期501-10页
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a relatively common mental health condition frequently seen, though often unrecognized, in primary care settings. Identifying and treating PTSD can greatly improve patient health and well-being.
10. Cannabinoids for Medical Use: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
作者: Penny F Whiting.;Robert F Wolff.;Sohan Deshpande.;Marcello Di Nisio.;Steven Duffy.;Adrian V Hernandez.;J Christiaan Keurentjes.;Shona Lang.;Kate Misso.;Steve Ryder.;Simone Schmidlkofer.;Marie Westwood.;Jos Kleijnen.
来源: JAMA. 2015年313卷24期2456-73页
Cannabis and cannabinoid drugs are widely used to treat disease or alleviate symptoms, but their efficacy for specific indications is not clear.
11. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and its subtype nonalcoholic steatohepatitis affect approximately 30% and 5%, respectively, of the US population. In patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, half of deaths are due to cardiovascular disease and malignancy, yet awareness of this remains low. Cirrhosis, the third leading cause of death in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, is predicted to become the most common indication for liver transplantation.
12. Stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: a systematic review.
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with an increase in mortality and morbidity, with a substantial increase in stroke and systemic thromboembolism. Strokes related to AF are associated with higher mortality, greater disability, longer hospital stays, and lower chance of being discharged home than strokes unrelated to AF.
14. Acute stroke intervention: a systematic review.
Acute ischemic stroke is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in the United States. We review the latest data and evidence supporting catheter-directed treatment for proximal artery occlusion as an adjunct to intravenous thrombolysis in patients with acute stroke.
15. Glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria for detection and staging of acute and chronic kidney disease in adults: a systematic review.
Because early-stage kidney disease is asymptomatic and is associated with both morbidity and mortality, laboratory measurements are required for its detection.
16. Blood pressure lowering in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
作者: Connor A Emdin.;Kazem Rahimi.;Bruce Neal.;Thomas Callender.;Vlado Perkovic.;Anushka Patel.
来源: JAMA. 2015年313卷6期603-15页
Lowering blood pressure (BP) is widely used to reduce vascular risk in individuals with diabetes.
17. Diagnosis and treatment of Clostridium difficile in adults: a systematic review.
Since 2000, the incidence and severity of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) have increased.
18. Metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease: a systematic review.
作者: Silvio E Inzucchi.;Kasia J Lipska.;Helen Mayo.;Clifford J Bailey.;Darren K McGuire.
来源: JAMA. 2014年312卷24期2668-75页
Metformin is widely viewed as the best initial pharmacological option to lower glucose concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, the drug is contraindicated in many individuals with impaired kidney function because of concerns of lactic acidosis.
19. Treatment of syphilis: a systematic review.
The incidence of syphilis in the United States is increasing; it is estimated that more than 55,000 new infections will occur in 2014. Treatment regimens are controversial, especially in specific populations, and assessing treatment response based on serology remains a challenge.
20. Behavioral treatment of obesity in patients encountered in primary care settings: a systematic review.
In 2011, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) approved intensive behavioral weight loss counseling for approximately 14 face-to-face, 10- to 15-minute sessions over 6 months for obese beneficiaries in primary care settings, when delivered by physicians and other CMS-defined primary care practitioners.
|