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1301. Assessing the utility of ICU readmissions as a quality metric: an analysis of changes mediated by residency work-hour reforms.
ICU readmissions are associated with increased mortality and costs; however, it is unclear whether these outcomes are caused by readmissions or by residual confounding by illness severity. An assessment of temporal changes in ICU readmission in response to a specific policy change could help disentangle these possibilities. We sought to determine whether ICU readmission rates changed after 2003 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Resident Duty Hours reform ("reform") and whether there were temporally corresponding changes in other ICU outcomes.
1302. Exhaled air dispersion during noninvasive ventilation via helmets and a total facemask.
作者: David S Hui.;Benny K Chow.;Thomas Lo.;Susanna S Ng.;Fanny W Ko.;Tony Gin.;Matthew T V Chan.
来源: Chest. 2015年147卷5期1336-1343页
Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) via helmet or total facemask is an option for managing patients with respiratory infections in respiratory failure. However, the risk of nosocomial infection is unknown.
1303. Signs of right ventricular deterioration in clinically stable patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension.
作者: Mariëlle C van de Veerdonk.;J Tim Marcus.;Nico Westerhof.;Frances S de Man.;Anco Boonstra.;Martijn W Heymans.;Harm-Jan Bogaard.;Anton Vonk Noordegraaf.
来源: Chest. 2015年147卷4期1063-1071页
Even after years of stable response to therapy, patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) may show an unexpected clinical deterioration due to progressive right ventricular (RV) failure. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess in 5-year clinically stable patients with IPAH whether initial differences or subsequent changes in RV volumes precede late clinical progression.
1304. Hospital discharges, readmissions, and ED visits for COPD or bronchiectasis among US adults: findings from the nationwide inpatient sample 2001-2012 and Nationwide Emergency Department Sample 2006-2011.
Numbers and rates of hospitalizations and ED visits by patients with COPD are important metrics for surveillance purposes. The objective of this study was to examine trends in these rates from 2001 to 2012 among adults aged ≥ 18 years in the United States.
1305. Percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy with a double-lumen endotracheal tube: a comparison of feasibility, gas exchange, and airway pressures.
作者: Maria Vargas.;Paolo Pelosi.;Gaetano Tessitore.;Fulvio Aloj.;Iole Brunetti.;Enrico Arditi.;Dorino Salami.;Robert M Kacmarek.;Giuseppe Servillo.
来源: Chest. 2015年147卷5期1267-1274页
Gas exchange and airway pressures are markedly altered during percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT). A double-lumen endotracheal tube (DLET) has been developed for better airway management during PDT. The current study prospectively evaluated the in vivo feasibility, gas exchange, and airway pressures during PDT with DLET compared with a conventional endotracheal tube (ETT).
1306. The Apelin-APJ axis is an endogenous counterinjury mechanism in experimental acute lung injury.
作者: Xiao-Fang Fan.;Feng Xue.;Yue-Qi Zhang.;Xue-Ping Xing.;Hui Liu.;Sun-Zhong Mao.;Xiao-Xia Kong.;Yu-Qi Gao.;Shu F Liu.;Yong-Sheng Gong.
来源: Chest. 2015年147卷4期969-978页
Although the mechanisms and pathways mediating ARDS have been studied extensively, less attention has been given to the mechanisms and pathways that counteract injury responses. This study found that the apelin-APJ pathway is an endogenous counterinjury mechanism that protects against ARDS.
1307. Exaggerated pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular dysfunction in high-altitude dwellers with patent foramen ovale.
作者: Roman Brenner.;Lorenza Pratali.;Stefano F Rimoldi.;Carla Ximena Murillo Jauregui.;Rodrigo Soria.;Emrush Rexhaj.;Carlos Salinas Salmón.;Mercedes Villena.;Catherine Romero.;Claudio Sartori.;Yves Allemann.;Urs Scherrer.
来源: Chest. 2015年147卷4期1072-1079页
There is considerable interindividual variability in pulmonary artery pressure among high-altitude (HA) dwellers, but the underlying mechanism is not known. At low altitude, a patent foramen ovale (PFO) is present in about 25% of the general population. Its prevalence is increased in clinical conditions associated with pulmonary hypertension and arterial hypoxemia, and it is thought to aggravate these problems.
1308. Trends in mechanical ventilation among patients hospitalized with acute exacerbations of COPD in the United States, 2001 to 2011.
作者: Mihaela S Stefan.;Meng-Shiou Shieh.;Penelope S Pekow.;Nicholas Hill.;Michael B Rothberg.;Peter K Lindenauer.
来源: Chest. 2015年147卷4期959-968页
The use of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in acute exacerbation of COPD has increased over time. However, little is known about patient factors influencing its use in routine clinical practice.
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