2734. Assessing bias in studies of prognostic factors.
作者: Jill A Hayden.;Danielle A van der Windt.;Jennifer L Cartwright.;Pierre Côté.;Claire Bombardier.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2013年158卷4期280-6页
Previous work has identified 6 important areas to consider when evaluating validity and bias in studies of prognostic factors: participation, attrition, prognostic factor measurement, confounding measurement and account, outcome measurement, and analysis and reporting. This article describes the Quality In Prognosis Studies tool, which includes questions related to these areas that can inform judgments of risk of bias in prognostic research.A working group comprising epidemiologists, statisticians, and clinicians developed the tool as they considered prognosis studies of low back pain. Forty-three groups reviewing studies addressing prognosis in other topic areas used the tool and provided feedback. Most reviewers (74%) reported that reaching consensus on judgments was easy. Median completion time per study was 20 minutes; interrater agreement (κ statistic) reported by 9 review teams varied from 0.56 to 0.82 (median, 0.75). Some reviewers reported challenges making judgments across prompting items, which were addressed by providing comprehensive guidance and examples. The refined Quality In Prognosis Studies tool may be useful to assess the risk of bias in studies of prognostic factors.
2735. Comparative effectiveness of treatments for open-angle glaucoma: a systematic review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
作者: Michael V Boland.;Ann-Margret Ervin.;David S Friedman.;Henry D Jampel.;Barbara S Hawkins.;Daniela Vollenweider.;Yohalakshmi Chelladurai.;Darcy Ward.;Catalina Suarez-Cuervo.;Karen A Robinson.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2013年158卷4期271-9页
Glaucoma is an acquired degeneration of the optic nerve and a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Medical and surgical treatments that decrease intraocular pressure may prevent visual impairment and blindness.
2736. Optimal timing of coronary invasive strategy in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
作者: Eliano P Navarese.;Paul A Gurbel.;Felicita Andreotti.;Udaya Tantry.;Young-Hoon Jeong.;Marek Kozinski.;Thomas Engstrøm.;Giuseppe Di Pasquale.;Waclaw Kochman.;Diego Ardissino.;Elvin Kedhi.;Gregg W Stone.;Jacek Kubica.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2013年158卷4期261-70页
The optimal timing of coronary intervention in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTE-ACSs) is a matter of debate. Conflicting results among published studies partly relate to different risk profiles of the studied populations.
2737. Definition of a positive test result in computed tomography screening for lung cancer: a cohort study.
作者: Claudia I Henschke.;Rowena Yip.;David F Yankelevitz.;James P Smith.; .
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2013年158卷4期246-52页
Low-dose computed tomography screening for lung cancer can reduce mortality among high-risk persons, but "false-positive" findings may result in unnecessary evaluations with attendant risks. The effect of alternative thresholds for defining a positive result on the rates of positive results and cancer diagnoses is unknown.
2738. Genome-wide association study of spontaneous resolution of hepatitis C virus infection: data from multiple cohorts.
作者: Priya Duggal.;Chloe L Thio.;Genevieve L Wojcik.;James J Goedert.;Alessandra Mangia.;Rachel Latanich.;Arthur Y Kim.;Georg M Lauer.;Raymond T Chung.;Marion G Peters.;Gregory D Kirk.;Shruti H Mehta.;Andrea L Cox.;Salim I Khakoo.;Laurent Alric.;Matthew E Cramp.;Sharyne M Donfield.;Brian R Edlin.;Leslie H Tobler.;Michael P Busch.;Graeme Alexander.;Hugo R Rosen.;Xiaojiang Gao.;Mohamed Abdel-Hamid.;Richard Apps.;Mary Carrington.;David L Thomas.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2013年158卷4期235-45页
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2739. Acupuncture in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis: a randomized trial.
作者: Benno Brinkhaus.;Miriam Ortiz.;Claudia M Witt.;Stephanie Roll.;Klaus Linde.;Florian Pfab.;Bodo Niggemann.;Josef Hummelsberger.;András Treszl.;Johannes Ring.;Torsten Zuberbier.;Karl Wegscheider.;Stefan N Willich.
来源: Ann Intern Med. 2013年158卷4期225-34页
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