1. The Joint Role of Serum Markers of Congestion or Myocardial Necrosis And Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in The Detection of Early Subtle Chemotherapy-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Women With Breast Cancer.
作者: N Raiimbek Uulu.;I V Pershukov.;L V Shulzhenko.;B A Akbalaeva.;T A Batyraliev.;O V Gurovich.;R K Kalmatov.;S M Mamatova.;N T Jainakbayev.;A O Seidalin.;A T Mansharipova.;M V Kvasova.;V V Vinogradskaia.;Z A Karben.;D V Fettser.;J M O Ramazanov.;T N Kuznetsova.;E Yu Ivanenkova.;R N Rakhalskaya.;M R Kamaliyeva.
来源: Kardiologiia. 2025年65卷6期34-43页
Aim To monitor the dynamics of biomarkers during chemotherapy, targeted chemotherapy and targeted monotherapy in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer (BC); to analyze the emergence timing of these changes; to compare early biochemical and echocardiographic criteria; and to determine the best time for assessing latent subclinical cardiac dysfunction.Material and methods Patients with BC (229 women aged 57±11 years) treated sequentially with anthracyclines, a combination of docetaxel and trastuzumab, and trastuzumab monotherapy were examined during three blocks of BC therapy until the development of clinical cardiotoxicity. Time-related changes in high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal strain (GLS) and LV ejection fraction (EF) (up to 12 speckle-tracking echocardiograms/up to 12 laboratory tests) were analyzed. Clinical cardiotoxicity was defined as a symptomatic decrease in LV EF ≥10% from the baseline value of 54% or more.Results Clinically significant cardiotoxicity developed in 6.3-10.9% of cases depending on the treatment option for BC. Early manifestations of cardiotoxicity were detected already at 3 weeks after the start of the first course of chemotherapy. For the BC treatment with anthracyclines and targeted chemotherapy with docetaxel and trastuzumab, the markers of clinical cardiotoxicity were high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I, NT-proBNP and GLS LV. For the trastuzumab monotherapy, only GLS LV had a prognostic value. No statistically significant changes in the concentrations of high-sensitivity troponin I and NT-proBNP were found.Conclusion For timely detection of clinical cardiotoxicity, laboratory tests (high-sensitivity troponin I, NT-proBNP) and echocardiography (GLS LV) are recommended to be performed every 3 weeks before the next course of BC therapy. While doing so, their sensitivity will depend on the treatment option for BC.
2. Metabolomic Profiling as a Possible New Method For Predicting Cardiovascular Toxicity of Chemotherapy: a Pilot Single-Center Study.
作者: Yu Yu Kirichenko.;V G Varsieva.;K M Shestakova.;A D Chernichkina.;A V Palienko.;O I Buduscheva.;N V Khabarova.;S N Baskhanova.;Yu N Belenkov.;I S Ilgisonis.;S A Appolonova.
来源: Kardiologiia. 2025年65卷6期3-11页
Aim To determine the array of metabolomic profiles and structural and functional parameters of the vascular wall associated with the risk of cardiovascular toxicity of antitumor therapy (ATT) in oncohematological patients.Material and methods This study included 59 patients, among them 34 patients with lymphomas (non-Hodgkin and Hodgkin lymphoma) and 25 with multiple myeloma. Before and after 3 courses of ATT (anthracyclines, proteasome inhibitors), finger photoplethysmography and transthoracic echocardiography were performed as well as metabolomic profiling (98 metabolites) by high-performance liquid chromatography in combination with tandem mass spectrometry. Statistical analysis of the results included parametric and nonparametric tests, logistic regression, and cross-validation.Results The study showed that even before the initiation of ATT, cancer patients had signs of endothelial dysfunction and increased vascular wall stiffness (increased aSI, RI, and IO indices), which significantly worsened after the specific treatment. Metabolomic profiling identified a set of metabolites associated with the risk of cardiovascular toxicity, including increased concentrations of amino acids (asparagine, serine, glutamate, glutamine, taurine, citrulline), short-chain acylcarnitines (C18:1 OH-carnitine, C16:1 OH-carnitine, C14OH-carnitine, C2 carnitine), choline metabolism intermediates (TMAO, dimethylglycine, choline), tryptophan metabolites (hydroxyindoleacetic acid, kynurenic acid). Additionally, a logistic regression model was developed based on the analysis of the metabolomic profile, which showed a high prognostic power (AUC = 0.84) for predicting cardiovascular toxicity of ATT.Conclusion The study identified key metabolites and structural and functional parameters of blood vessels that allow detection of an increased risk of cardiovascular complications of ATT in patients with lymphomas and multiple myeloma before the initiation of a specific treatment. Increased concentrations of amino acids, acylcarnitines, and choline metabolites may serve as an additional risk factor for the onset/progression of cardiovascular complications. The proposed integrative approach, including both metabolomic profiling and non-invasive assessment of the vascular wall condition, opens broad prospects for personalized cardioprotection of cancer patients and more accurate monitoring of the cardiovascular status during ATT.
3. [New options determining the success of treatment for neovascular age-related macular degeneration].
作者: A Zh Fursova.;I F Nikulich.;M A Vasilyeva.;A S Derbeneva.;Yu A Karlash.
来源: Vestn Oftalmol. 2025年141卷3期71-78页
Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) is a progressive retinal disease that can lead to severe and irreversible vision loss despite the availability of effective anti-VEGF agents. One of the potential causes of suboptimal treatment outcomes in nAMD is undertreatment, which may result from the need for frequent injections and follow-up visits, limitations in public healthcare funding, and challenges in achieving sustained and long-term control of disease activity (DA). Aflibercept 8 mg is a novel formulation with a higher concentration and improved molecular stability, enabling a fourfold increase in the molar dose of the active substance delivered to the vitreous body. The phase III PULSAR trial, a 96-week randomized, double-masked, active-controlled study, evaluated the efficacy and safety of 8 mg aflibercept compared with the standard 2 mg dose in treatment-naïve patients with nAMD. Participants were randomized 1:1:1 into three groups: aflibercept 2 mg every 8 weeks (2q8), 8 mg every 12 weeks (8q12), or 8 mg every 16 weeks (8q16) after three initial monthly loading doses. The study demonstrated the benefits of the 8 mg dose in extending interinjection intervals. By week 96, 88% of patients achieved an interval of ≥12 weeks, 71% ≥16 weeks, and 47% ≥20 weeks; in the 8q16 group, 53% of patients reached an interval of ≥20 weeks and 31% - 24 weeks. Over the 2-year period, patients in the 8q16 group received approximately 8 injections, compared to around 13 in the 2q8 group, with comparable anatomical and functional outcomes and no additional safety concerns. Given the proven effectiveness in improving best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), superior outcomes in resolving intra- and/or subretinal fluid (IRF/SRF), and reduced treatment burden, it appears optimal to broadly transition patients already receiving aflibercept 2 mg to the higher molar concentration (aflibercept 8 mg) regardless of treatment phase or the interinjection interval. This approach aims to achieve a longer anti-VEGF effect duration and sustained DA control with the fewest possible injections.
4. [Biosimilars of ranibizumab in retinal diseases: new possibilities in ophthalmology].
作者: A A Voskresenskaya.;M B Sarkizova.;N S Khodzhaev.;D A Kudlay.;S A Kakunina.;A Yu Borozinets.;N A Pozdeyeva.
来源: Vestn Oftalmol. 2025年141卷2期106-116页
The development of biological therapeutic agents has provided new opportunities for treating neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) using humanized monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A). The emergence of biosimilars of anti-VEGF agents can significantly improve treatment accessibility and its effectiveness by increasing patient adherence. The development of biosimilars involves comparative studies with the original drug to establish equivalence in physicochemical and biological properties, efficacy, and safety. Biosimilar development programs include extensive analytical and preclinical studies to compare structural and functional components with the original bioproduct, and clinical trials are conducted to prove bioequivalence and therapeutic equivalence. The process of development and registration of the biosimilars is strictly regulated and has no significant differences in Russia, the EU and the US. Currently, more than 10 biosimilars of ranibizumab have been approved worldwide, in Russia it is the drug Laxolan (AO GENERIUM). The introduction of a domestic biosimilar of ranibizumab into clinical practice allows reduction of the costs of retinal disease treatment while maintaining the efficacy and safety of antiangiogenic therapy.
5. [The effects of intraoperative use of angiogenesis inhibitors on outcomes and complication rates in the surgical treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy].
Treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) complications, such as vitreous haemorrhage and tractional retinal detachment, as well as macular involvement, remains a complex multifactorial challenge. The use of angiogenesis inhibitors (AIs) at different stages of patient management is being investigated. In particular, intraoperative use of AIs appears to be pathogenetically justified.
6. A Multicenter Prospective Observational Study to Examine the Experience of Using Phosphocreatine in Combination Therapy for Heart Failure Caused by Cancer Treatment. Rationale and Design of the Study.
作者: A A Safiullina.;V I Potievskaya.;M V Vitsenya.;I A Cheremisina.
来源: Kardiologiia. 2025年65卷3期21-25页
Enhanced cancer treatment efficacy has resulted in a significant increase in the number of cancer survivors after the cure of malignant tumors. However, cardiovascular morbidity, including chronic heart failure, has become the leading cause of death and decreased life expectancy among cancer survivors. This is due, in particular, to the cardiotoxic effects of anticancer drugs and associated factors. Cardioprotective approaches aim to reduce the incidence and severity of cardiotoxicity through the use of cardioprotective agents (e.g., dexrazoxane), liposomal drug delivery systems (e.g., liposomal doxorubicin), and optimization of drug administration schedules. Reducing the cardiotoxicity of cancer treatments is a clinically important goal. Phosphocreatine-based therapy represents a potentially valuable new strategy in this area. In this regard, the study "Multicenter prospective observational study to investigate the experience of using phosphocreatine in combination therapy for heart failure caused by cancer treatment" was initiated. This publication presents the protocol of the observational non-interventional NEOCARD study.
7. [Association between integrity of foveal photoreceptors and ultimate visual outcome in neovascular age-related macular degeneration].
This study investigates the clinical features and outcome dimensions of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).
8. [Determining The Risk of Cardio- and Vasotoxicity of Antitumor Therapy: to Whom, When, Why?].
作者: Yu A Vasyuk.;S A Muslov.;D A Vyzhigin.;E Yu Shupenina.;E O Novosel.
来源: Kardiologiia. 2025年65卷1期3-10页
It is known that the advances in cancer treatment leading to increased survival in malignant neoplasms, entail a variety of adverse cardiovascular toxic effects that can be quite serious and even potentially fatal. An important component that influences the degree of cardiotoxicity risk is the patient's clinical and functional state and the cardiovascular history at the time of cancer diagnosis. This information can be used in practice for the cardiovascular screening and clinical and functional evaluation of a patient with a neoplasm before the start of antitumor therapy. After completion of the cardiotoxic therapy, as well as during subsequent follow-up, it is advisable to re-evaluate the risk of long-term cardiotoxicity to determine the frequency and intensity of cardiovascular monitoring. For convenience of calculating the risk of cardiotoxicity in cancer patients undergoing the antitumor treatment, the authors of this article have developed two computer programs that can be used as PC applications (https://disk.yandex.ru/d/NuhzYnicWo9FSw) and on mobile devices (https://disk.yandex.ru/d/uXAriKZ6qhkULA.). These programs facilitate the selection of the correct strategy for the management of cancer patients that is aimed at reducing the likelihood of cardiotoxic complications of the antitumor treatment.
9. [Dual inhibition of VEGF-A and angiopoietin-2 in the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration and diabetic macular edema].
作者: A V Zolotarev.;E V Karlova.;E V Balandina.;E Yu Zubkova.;E E Grishina.;E A Zamytskiy.;N V Balalayeva.
来源: Vestn Oftalmol. 2024年140卷6期100-106页
The introduction of faricimab, a drug targeting both vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and angiopoietin-2, has enabled the implementation of the highly effective dual inhibition strategy in real clinical practice for patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and diabetic macular edema (DME), both previously treated with intravitreal injections and newly diagnosed. This article presents a series of 11 clinical cases involving patients with nAMD and DME who received loading doses of faricimab and continued ophthalmological observation. Among them, three patients with nAMD and two with DME were treatment-naïve, while the others were switched from alternative therapies to faricimab. The duration of follow-up after the loading phase ranged from 4 to 24 weeks at the time of this writing. All patients showed a pronounced anatomical improvement, and seven of the 11 experienced an increase in visual acuity. All reported subjective vision improvement, and no adverse events. These results confirm the high efficacy and safety of faricimab for nAMD and DME, both in treatment-naïve patients and those switched from other therapies.
10. [Indirect comparison of anti-angiogenic agents in the treatment of diabetic macular edema].
作者: D L Klabukova.;I S Krysanov.;V S Krysanova.;V Yu Ermakova.
来源: Vestn Oftalmol. 2024年140卷6期69-79页
Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness among diabetic patients, its prevalence is continuing to increase worldwide. Faricimab, a bispecific antibody, represents a new generation of treatments for DME.
11. [Management of patients with treatment-resistant neovascular age-related macular degeneration].
作者: M V Budzinskaya.;A A Plyukhova.;M A Makarova.;A P Sorokin.
来源: Vestn Oftalmol. 2024年140卷6期63-68页
This study evaluates the efficacy of intravitreal injections (IVI) of faricimab in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and retinal pigment epithelium detachment (RPED) resistant to other anti-VEGF agents.
12. [Analysis of the effectiveness of cataract surgery in neovascular age-related macular degeneration].
作者: A Zh Fursova.;E I Dmitrieva.;M A Vasilieva.;A S Derbeneva.;Yu A Karlash.;A A Atamanenko.;I F Nikulich.;M S Tarasov.
来源: Vestn Oftalmol. 2024年140卷6期7-14页
This study evaluated the impact of phacoemulsification cataract surgery (PE) on anatomical and functional parameters, as well as the regimen and frequency of anti-VEGF injections in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) over a long-term period (up to 3 years).
13. [Zebrafish Xenographs in Oncology and Personalized Medicine].
The bony fish Danio rerio (zebrafish) has become one of the important vertebrate model organisms in biomedical cancer research and is used, among other things, for the development of anticancer drugs using xenotransplantation approaches. The ex utero development of zebrafish, optically transparent tissues in the first month of growth, and the immature adaptive immune system during this period greatly facilitate the manipulation of embryos. For highly aggressive cancers where patient survival may be expected to be only a few months, a zebrafish xenograft assay may be the only appropriate method as it requires only four to seven days. Thousands of embryos can be implanted with biopsy tissue from a patient to produce zebrafish xenografts and to use them to screen a large number of drugs and compounds automatically to develop an effective treatment regimen for a specific patient. This review examines the advantages and disadvantages of the zebrafish model in oncology research. The main focus is on the use of zebrafish xenografts to study metastasis and to create avatars in personalized medicine.
14. [Antidepressants as additional drugs for human brain gliomas].
Glioblastoma (GB) is the most aggressive malignant brain tumor. To date, there is no optimal treatment approach for this disease. Antidepressants with antitumor effects are one of the new therapeutic directions. A distinctive feature of these drugs is their approval for clinical practice in the treatment of depressive disorders.
15. [Efficacy of brolucizumab in the treatment of retinal pathologies: a review of post-marketing studies].
Brolucizumab, an angiogenesis inhibitor, is a single-chain fragment of a humanized antibody used to treat neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and diabetic macular edema (DME). Although registration studies are the primary source of information on the new drug, post-marketing studies allow for further exploration and expansion of previous knowledge about its effectiveness, safety, and dosing regimens. This study summarizes the experience with brolucizumab from real-world clinical practice studies. A systematic literature review was conducted to identify articles published up to April 2024 that investigated the use of brolucizumab in the treatment of retinal vasogenic diseases, revealing the high effectiveness of brolucizumab compared to other angiogenesis inhibitors in the treatment of patients with nAMD and DME, including those who were treatment-naïve and those resistant to ongoing therapy, as well as patients with changes in the vitreoretinal interface. A significant advantage of brolucizumab is its ability to reduce the number of injections and extend the intervals between them up to 16 weeks. Study results demonstrate substantial improvements in anatomical and functional outcomes compared to previously existing and newly emerging angiogenesis inhibitors. Its ability to stabilize disease progression, achieve better disease control, and reduce injection frequency makes brolucizumab an attractive option for both first-line therapy and as a switching drug, highlighting its potential for expanded indications.
16. [4‑Year Experience of the Cardio-Oncology Center of Sechenov University: Single-Center Epidemiological Study].
作者: Yu Yu Kirichenko.;I S Ilgisonis.;A D Chernichkina.;A V Palienko.;O I Buduscheva.;N N Pakhtusov.;N V Khabarova.;Yu N Belenkov.
来源: Kardiologiia. 2024年64卷10期32-39页
To present the four-year experience and the accomplishments of the Scientific and Practical Cardio-Oncology Center of the Sechenov University.
17. [Cytotoxicity Studies of 5-Arylaminouracil Derivatives].
作者: V A Kezin.;E S Matyugina.;S A Surzhikov.;M S Novikov.;A A Maslova.;I L Karpenko.;A V Ivanov.;S N Kochetkov.;A L Khandazhinskaya.
来源: Mol Biol (Mosk). 2024年58卷2期325-332页
We have previously shown that 5-arylaminouracil derivatives can inhibit HIV-1, herpesviruses, mycobacteria, and other pathogens through various mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of 5-arylaminouracils and their derivatives against leukemia, neuroblastoma, and glial brain tumors. 5-Aminouracils with various substituents and their 5'-norcabocyclic and ribo derivatives were screened for cytotoxicity against two neuroblastoma cell lines (SH-SY5Y and IMR-32), K-562 lymphoblastic cells, HL-60 promyeoloblastic cells, and low-passage variants of well-differentiated glioblastoma multiforme (GBM5522 and GBM6138). Cytotoxicity assessment by the standard MTT test showed that most of the compounds lack significant toxicity towards the above cells. However, 5-(4-isopropylphenylamine)uracil and 5-(4-tert-butylphenylamine)uracil exhibited a dose-dependent toxic effect towards the GBM6138 cell line with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 9 and 2.3 μМ, respectively. Antitumor activity was for the first time demonstrated for compounds of this type and can serve as a starting point for further research.
18. Modern Instrumental Methods of Diagnostics and Risk Assessment of Developing Antitumor Therapy Cardiovasculotoxicity.
作者: Yu N Belenkov.;I S Ilgisonis.;N V Khabarova.;Yu Yu Kirichenko Yu Yu.
来源: Kardiologiia. 2024年64卷8期3-12页
The most important component of cardio-oncology is the assessment of the risk of development and diagnosis of cardiovascular toxicity of the antitumor therapy, the detection of which is largely based on visualization of the cardiovascular system. The article addresses up-to-date methods of non-invasive visualization of the heart and blood vessels, according to the 2022 European Society of Cardiology Clinical Guidelines on cardio-oncology. Also, the article discusses promising cardiovascular imaging techniques that are not yet included in the guidelines: assessment of coronary calcium using multislice computed tomography and positron emission computed tomography with 18F-labeled 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-d-glucose.
19. [Effectiveness and safety of brolucizumab in the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration].
作者: A N Kulikov.;V R Zhalimova.;N A Nekrash.;Y A Kalinicheva.;A S Vasilyev.;D S Maltsev.
来源: Vestn Oftalmol. 2024年140卷4期40-48页
This study analyzes the effectiveness and safety of brolucizumab in the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in real clinical practice.
20. [Peculiarities of angiogenesis in clear cell renal cancer].
作者: I V Maiborodin.;I V Klimachev.;B V Sheplev.;S E Krasil'nikov.;V I Maiborodina.
来源: Arkh Patol. 2024年86卷4期64-70页
A literature search was conducted to review papers on the results of studies of clear cell renal cancer (CCRC) vascularization. Numerous data on the relationship between tumor pathogenesis and its vascularization have been revealed, which indicates the multifactorial nature of CCRC development and the significant role of angiogenesis in this process. It should be taken into account that patients with CCRC may have impaired vessel formation even before tumor development. To evaluate normal and pathologic angiogenesis, a pathohistologic study using immunohistochemistry is certainly necessary. Due to the significant role of angiogenesis in the development and course of CCRC, the use of drugs that suppress the formation of the vascular network in the tumor is relevant and advisable. To date, many drugs have been developed and introduced into clinical practice to inhibit angiogenesis. However, such drugs have not lived up to the expectations placed due to the frequent and rapidly developing drug resistance. Timely detection of pre-tumor and tumor processes, as well as effective treatment of cancer, including CCRC, is possible only with close cooperation between pathomorphologists and oncologists.
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