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1. Has This Child Experienced Physical Abuse?: The Rational Clinical Examination Systematic Review.
作者: Sonal N Shah.;Hiu-Fai Fong.;Suzanne B Haney.;Nancy S Harper.;Mary Clyde Pierce.;Mark I Neuman.
来源: JAMA. 2025年
Nearly 100 000 children experience physical abuse each year in the US. Among approximately 2000 annual deaths related to child maltreatment, more than 40% resulted from physical abuse, and half of those children were younger than 1 year. Many of these young children had unidentified abusive injuries before the fatal event.
2. Interventions to Support Breastfeeding: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
作者: Carrie D Patnode.;Caitlyn A Senger.;Erin L Coppola.;Megan O Iacocca.
来源: JAMA. 2025年333卷17期1527-1537页
Interventions to support breastfeeding may help individuals and families initiate breastfeeding or breastfeed exclusively or for a prolonged period of time.
3. Long-Term Risk of Stroke After Transient Ischemic Attack or Minor Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
作者: .;Faizan Khan.;Vignan Yogendrakumar.;Ronda Lun.;Aravind Ganesh.;Philip A Barber.;Vasileios-Arsenios Lioutas.;Naja Emborg Vinding.;Ale Algra.;Christian Weimar.;Joachim Ögren.;Jodi D Edwards.;Richard H Swartz.;Angel Ois.;Eva Giralt-Steinhauer.;Andrej Netland Khanevski.;Xinyi Leng.;Xuan Tian.;Thomas W Leung.;Hong-Kyun Park.;Hee-Joon Bae.;Masahiro Kamouchi.;Tetsuro Ago.;Esmee Verburgt.;Jamie Verhoeven.;Frank-Erik de Leeuw.;Bernhard P Berghout.;M Kamran Ikram.;Karel Kostev.;William Whiteley.;Toshiyuki Uehara.;Kazuo Minematsu.;Fredrik Ildstad.;Simon Fandler-Höfler.;Karoliina Aarnio.;Bettina von Sarnowski.;Matteo Foschi.;Jing Jing.;Minyoul Baik.;Young Dae Kim.;Michele Domenico Spampinato.;Yasuhiro Hasegawa.;Kanjana Perera.;Francisco Purroy.;Dipankar Dutta.;Xiaoli Yang.;Julian Lippert.;Laura Myers.;Dawn M Bravata.;Monica Santos.;Sarah Coveney.;Carlos Garcia-Esperon.;Christopher R Levi.;Diane L Lorenzetti.;Shabnam Vatanpour.;Yongjun Wang.;Gregory W Albers.;Philippa Lavallee.;Pierre Amarenco.;Shelagh B Coutts.;Michael D Hill.
来源: JAMA. 2025年333卷17期1508-1519页
After a transient ischemic attack (TIA) or minor stroke, the long-term risk of stroke is not well-known.
4. Preventive Services for Food Insecurity: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
作者: Elizabeth A O'Connor.;Elizabeth M Webber.;Allea M Martin.;Michelle L Henninger.;Michelle L Eder.;Jennifer S Lin.
来源: JAMA. 2025年333卷15期1340-1351页
An estimated 12.8% of US households experienced food insecurity in 2022.
6. Age and Sex Differences in Efficacy of Treatments for Type 2 Diabetes: A Network Meta-Analysis.
作者: Peter Hanlon.;Elaine Butterly.;Lili Wei.;Heather Wightman.;Saleh Ali M Almazam.;Khalid Alsallumi.;Jamie Crowther.;Ryan McChrystal.;Heidi Rennison.;Katherine Hughes.;Jim Lewsey.;Robert Lindsay.;Stuart McGurnaghan.;John Petrie.;Laurie A Tomlinson.;Sarah Wild.;Amanda Adler.;Naveed Sattar.;David M Phillippo.;Sofia Dias.;Nicky J Welton.;David A McAllister.
来源: JAMA. 2025年333卷12期1062-1073页
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitors improve hyperglycemia, and SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists reduce the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) among individuals with type 2 diabetes. It is not clear whether efficacy varies by age or sex.
7. Screening for Osteoporosis to Prevent Fractures: A Systematic Evidence Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
作者: Leila C Kahwati.;Christine E Kistler.;Graham Booth.;Nila Sathe.;Rachel D'Amico Gordon.;Ebiere Okah.;Roberta C Wines.;Meera Viswanathan.
来源: JAMA. 2025年333卷6期509-531页
Fragility fractures result in significant morbidity.
8. Inhaled Reliever Therapies for Asthma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
作者: Daniel G Rayner.;Dario M Ferri.;Gordon H Guyatt.;Paul M O'Byrne.;Romina Brignardello-Petersen.;Farid Foroutan.;Bradley Chipps.;Kaharu Sumino.;Tamara T Perry.;Sharmilee Nyenhuis.;John Oppenheimer.;Elliot Israel.;Flavia Hoyte.;Katherine Rivera-Spoljaric.;Ellen McCabe.;Susana Rangel.;Lindsay E Shade.;Valerie G Press.;Lisa Hall.;Dia Sue-Wah-Sing.;Angel Melendez.;Hilarry Orr.;Tonya Winders.;Donna D Gardner.;Kathyrn Przywara.;Matthew A Rank.;Leonard B Bacharier.;Giselle Mosnaim.;Derek K Chu.
来源: JAMA. 2025年333卷2期143-152页
The optimal inhaled reliever therapy for asthma remains unclear.
9. Testing and Evaluation of Health Care Applications of Large Language Models: A Systematic Review.
作者: Suhana Bedi.;Yutong Liu.;Lucy Orr-Ewing.;Dev Dash.;Sanmi Koyejo.;Alison Callahan.;Jason A Fries.;Michael Wornow.;Akshay Swaminathan.;Lisa Soleymani Lehmann.;Hyo Jung Hong.;Mehr Kashyap.;Akash R Chaurasia.;Nirav R Shah.;Karandeep Singh.;Troy Tazbaz.;Arnold Milstein.;Michael A Pfeffer.;Nigam H Shah.
来源: JAMA. 2025年333卷4期319-328页
Large language models (LLMs) can assist in various health care activities, but current evaluation approaches may not adequately identify the most useful application areas.
10. Risk Stratification in Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy Using CMR Imaging: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
作者: Christian Eichhorn.;David Koeckerling.;Rohin K Reddy.;Maddalena Ardissino.;Marek Rogowski.;Bernadette Coles.;Lukas Hunziker.;Simon Greulich.;Isaac Shiri.;Norbert Frey.;Jens Eckstein.;Stephan Windecker.;Raymond Y Kwong.;George C M Siontis.;Christoph Gräni.
来源: JAMA. 2024年332卷18期1535-50页
Accurate risk stratification of nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NIDCM) remains challenging.
11. Screening and Supplementation for Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia During Pregnancy: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
作者: Amy G Cantor.;Rebecca Holmes.;Christina Bougatsos.;Chandler Atchison.;Thomas DeLoughery.;Roger Chou.
来源: JAMA. 2024年332卷11期914-928页
In 2015 the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) found insufficient evidence to assess the balance of benefits and harms of routine screening and supplementation for iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy.
12. Interventions for Weight Management in Children and Adolescents: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
作者: Elizabeth A O'Connor.;Corinne V Evans.;Michelle Henninger.;Nadia Redmond.;Caitlyn A Senger.
来源: JAMA. 2024年332卷3期233-248页
Body mass index (BMI) of the 95th or greater percentile for age and sex is common among young people, and its prevalence has increased in recent decades.
13. Prolonged vs Intermittent Infusions of β-Lactam Antibiotics in Adults With Sepsis or Septic Shock: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
作者: Mohd H Abdul-Aziz.;Naomi E Hammond.;Stephen J Brett.;Menino O Cotta.;Jan J De Waele.;Anthony Devaux.;Gian Luca Di Tanna.;Joel M Dulhunty.;Hatem Elkady.;Lars Eriksson.;M Shahnaz Hasan.;Ayesha Bibi Khan.;Jeffrey Lipman.;Xiaoqiu Liu.;Giacomo Monti.;John Myburgh.;Emmanuel Novy.;Shahed Omar.;Dorrilyn Rajbhandari.;Claire Roger.;Fredrik Sjövall.;Irene Zaghi.;Alberto Zangrillo.;Anthony Delaney.;Jason A Roberts.
来源: JAMA. 2024年332卷8期638-648页
There is uncertainty about whether prolonged infusions of β-lactam antibiotics improve clinically important outcomes in critically ill adults with sepsis or septic shock.
14. Interventions to Prevent Falls in Older Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
作者: Janelle M Guirguis-Blake.;Leslie A Perdue.;Erin L Coppola.;Sarah I Bean.
来源: JAMA. 2024年332卷1期58-69页
Falls are the most common cause of injury-related morbidity and mortality in older adults.
15. Interventions to Prevent Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
作者: .;Wanda K Nicholson.;Michael Silverstein.;John B Wong.;Michael J Barry.;David Chelmow.;Tumaini Rucker Coker.;Esa M Davis.;Carlos Roberto Jaén.;Marie Krousel-Wood.;Sei Lee.;Li Li.;Goutham Rao.;John M Ruiz.;James Stevermer.;Joel Tsevat.;Sandra Millon Underwood.;Sarah Wiehe.
来源: JAMA. 2024年332卷1期51-57页
Falls are the leading cause of injury-related morbidity and mortality among older adults in the US. In 2018, 27.5% of community-dwelling adults 65 years or older reported at least 1 fall in the past year and 10.2% reported a fall-related injury. In 2021, an estimated 38 742 deaths resulted from fall-related injuries.
16. Revisiting Race and the Benefit of RAS Blockade in Heart Failure: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.
作者: Li Shen.;Matthew M Y Lee.;Pardeep S Jhund.;Christopher B Granger.;Inder S Anand.;Aldo P Maggioni.;Marc A Pfeffer.;Scott D Solomon.;Karl Swedberg.;Salim Yusuf.;John J V McMurray.
来源: JAMA. 2024年331卷24期2094-2104页
Concerns have arisen that renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockers are less effective in Black patients than non-Black patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).
17. Survival Benefit Associated With Participation in Clinical Trials of Anticancer Drugs: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
作者: Renata Iskander.;Hannah Moyer.;Karine Vigneault.;Salaheddin M Mahmud.;Jonathan Kimmelman.
来源: JAMA. 2024年331卷24期2105-2113页
Many cancer clinical investigators view clinical trials as offering better care for patients than routine clinical care. However, definitive evidence of clinical benefit from trial participation (hereafter referred to as the participation effect) has yet to emerge.
18. Screening for Breast Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
作者: .;Wanda K Nicholson.;Michael Silverstein.;John B Wong.;Michael J Barry.;David Chelmow.;Tumaini Rucker Coker.;Esa M Davis.;Carlos Roberto Jaén.;Marie Krousel-Wood.;Sei Lee.;Li Li.;Carol M Mangione.;Goutham Rao.;John M Ruiz.;James J Stevermer.;Joel Tsevat.;Sandra Millon Underwood.;Sarah Wiehe.
来源: JAMA. 2024年331卷22期1918-1930页
Among all US women, breast cancer is the second most common cancer and the second most common cause of cancer death. In 2023, an estimated 43 170 women died of breast cancer. Non-Hispanic White women have the highest incidence of breast cancer and non-Hispanic Black women have the highest mortality rate.
19. Screening for Breast Cancer: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
作者: Jillian T Henderson.;Elizabeth M Webber.;Meghan S Weyrich.;Marykate Miller.;Joy Melnikow.
来源: JAMA. 2024年331卷22期1931-1946页
Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer mortality for US women. Trials have established that screening mammography can reduce mortality risk, but optimal screening ages, intervals, and modalities for population screening guidelines remain unclear.
20. Associations Between Surrogate Markers and Clinical Outcomes for Nononcologic Chronic Disease Treatments.
作者: Joshua D Wallach.;Samuel Yoon.;Harry Doernberg.;Laura R Glick.;Oriana Ciani.;Rod S Taylor.;Maryam Mooghali.;Reshma Ramachandran.;Joseph S Ross.
来源: JAMA. 2024年331卷19期1646-1654页
Surrogate markers are increasingly used as primary end points in clinical trials supporting drug approvals.
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