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261. A 28-Year-Old Man With Consecutive Gastrointestinal Symptoms, Kidney Failure, and Progressive Neurologic Deterioration.
作者: Ramona Düggelin.;Marcellina I Häberlin.;Emanuela Keller.;Andrea E Steuer.;Rea Andermatt.
来源: Chest. 2025年168卷5期e141-e144页
A 28-year-old man with an unremarkable medical history, no regular medication regimen, and no recent travel history or animal exposure was admitted to the emergency department with new onset of disorientation, slurred speech, and hearing loss. One day prior, the patient had consulted his general practitioner for fever, recurrent vomiting, and myalgia. According to his family, the patient smoked cigarettes and daily ingested γ-hydroxybutyrate. Because of the patient's limited ability to communicate, recent ingestion of other substances could not be ruled out. The patient was admitted to the ICU because of severe metabolic acidosis, electrolyte imbalances, and acute renal failure of indeterminate origin. Hemodialysis was started right after admission.
262. Pleural Endosalpingiosis: A Novel Entity.
作者: Amnah Khalid.;Varun Tej Gonuguntla.;Victor Perez-Gutierrez.;Anesha White.;Shaojun Liu.;Muhammad Perwaiz.
来源: Chest. 2025年168卷5期e137-e139页
Endosalpingiosis, defined as ectopic fallopian tube tissue, is a rare entity usually found in the intraabdominal cavity. We present a case of pleural endosalpingiosis presenting as an exudative pleural effusion diagnosed through pleural biopsy and histologic examination. To our knowledge, no case reports in the literature have described this process occurring in the pleural cavity. This report highlights this novel entity and the diagnostic dilemma it poses.
270. Clinical Outcomes in Patients With COPD With Disease Stability: Data from the Korea COPD Subgroup Study Cohort.
作者: Eunjeong Son.;Hyewon Seo.;Seung Won Ra.;Seoung Ju Park.;Soo-Jung Um.;Seong Yong Lim.;Hyoung Kyu Yoon.;Kwang Ha Yoo.;Joon Young Choi.;Chin Kook Rhee.
来源: Chest. 2025年
COPD is a heterogeneous disease with progressive airflow limitation. Despite therapeutic advances, current treatments poorly halt COPD progression. Disease stability (DS) is a proposed treatment goal, but its clinical significance remains uncertain.
272. Adjunctive Corticosteroid Use and Clinical Outcomes in Non-HIV Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia.
作者: Aaron M Pulsipher.;Holenarasipur R Vikram.;Michael B Gotway.;Rodrigo Cartin-Ceba.;Emily R Thompson.;Andrew H Limper.;Ayan Sen.;Augustine Lee.;Kealy Ham.
来源: Chest. 2026年169卷3期616-625页
Adjunctive corticosteroids improve outcomes in HIV-associated Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP), but their role in non-HIV-associated PCP is uncertain. Prior evidence largely has been limited to binary treatment groups and rarely has accounted for daily or cumulative dose effects.
273. Geographical Variations in CPAP Termination Rates in Patients With OSA: Insights From the Nationwide Claims Data Lake for Sleep Apnoea (ALASKA) French Nationwide Data Set.
作者: Sébastien Bailly.;Guillaume Deltreil.;Florent Lavergne.;Renaud Tamisier.;Sébastien Baillieul.;Jean Louis Pépin.
来源: Chest. 2025年 274. Examining the Threat of H5N1 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza to Human Health.
作者: Juliette Blais-Savoie.;Emily Halajian.;Kuganya Nirmalarajah.;Andra Banete.;Juan C Corredor.;Jonathon D Kotwa.;Yaejin Lee.;Sugandha Raj.;Shayan Sharif.;Nicole Mideo.;Samira Mubareka.
来源: Chest. 2025年
The clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus H5N1 is the etiologic agent for an ongoing panzootic with a rapidly increasing number of human infections. Although morbidity and mortality in humans with this clade seems to be limited to date, previous HPAI H5N1 viruses have been associated with mortality rates of approximately 50% in humans. Not all cases of clade 2.3.4.4b influenza A(H5N1) HPAI in humans have been associated with known exposure to infected animals. Therefore, clinicians must be aware of the changing viral ecology, human risk factors, and clinical presentations associated with H5N1 viruses to facilitate early case recognition and management of clade 2.3.4.4b A(H5N1) HPAI infection in humans.
275. Growth Differentiation Factor-15 Improves Prognostic Accuracy of Risk Stratification in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.
作者: An-Yi Wang.;Jie-Ling Ma.;Yue Cui.;Bao-Chen Qiu.;Chao Liu.;Dan Lu.;Yin-Jian Yang.;Yu-Ping Zhou.;Ze-Jian Zhang.;Xi-Qi Xu.;Xin Jiang.;Tian-Yu Lian.;Chun-Yan Cheng.;Kai Sun.;Pei-Wen Wang.;Yue-Jiao Ma.;Zhi-Cheng Jing.
来源: Chest. 2026年169卷3期758-768页
The etiology of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is complex and the risk is heterogeneous. Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) has been reported to be associated with the prognosis of patients with PAH, but whether the use of GDF-15 as an additional prognostic biomarker can improve preexisting PAH risk stratification remains unclear.
276. A National Evaluation of Intercostal Chest Drain Removal Strategies.
作者: Niki Veale.;Anthony W Martinelli.;Dheeraj Sethi.;Phillip De Souza.;Khaing Zar Mon.;Joyce Oi Suet Cheng.;David Morrow.;May Sam.;Irfan Saleem.;Kay Por Yip.;Jennifer Kerks.;David Henshall.;Tobias Smitherman-Cairns.;Katherine Smith.;Daniel Mitchell.;Karl Jackson.;Benjamin Pippard.;Seemab Paul.;Waheed Mohammad.;James Hyman.;Benjamin Rowlands.;Samantha Bosence.;Catharine Pearce.;Ben Probyn.;Richard Thorley.;Matthew Mitchell.;Andrew Griffiths.;Richard Westley.;Abdullah Bin Huda.;Asim Mehmood.;Abid Khan.;Vern Tee.;Rachel Crooks.;Paul Minnis.;Lewis Standing.;Wei Hann Ong.;M Salman Rashid.;Ahmed Salih.;Eve Lynn Koh.;Ching Khai Ho.;Yiwen Soo.;Matthew Hayes.;Clodagh Holmes.;Fatima Al-Arrayed.;Abeer Saad.;Beenish Iqbal.;Sam Trewick.;Patrick Goodley.;Jonathan Oldershaw.;Elizabeth Thompson.;Alexandra Hodge.;Mohamed Gadallah.;Rahul Bhat.;Eleanor Barton.;Anand Sundaralingam.;Osei Kankam.;James Quinn.;John P Corcoran.;Steven P Walker.;Avinash Aujayeb.;Jurgen Herre.;Akhilesh Jha.;Stefan J Marciniak.;Najib M Rahman.;Rob J Hallifax.
来源: Chest. 2026年169卷3期849-858页
Management of spontaneous pneumothorax often involves intercostal chest drain (ICD) insertion. Determining when to remove the ICD is controversial, with significant variation in practice. Establishing optimal ICD management in pneumothorax could reduce morbidity and improve cost-effectiveness.
278. Impact of Elevated Pulmonary Arterial Wedge Pressure on Safety and Efficacy of Balloon Pulmonary Angioplasty in the Treatment of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension.
作者: Piotr Szwed.;Paweł Kurzyna.;Marta Banaszkiewicz.;Piotr Kędzierski.;Michał Łomiak.;Rafał Wolański.;Marcin Wasilewski.;Michał Florczyk.;Michał Piłka.;Adam Torbicki.;Marcin Kurzyna.;Szymon Darocha.
来源: Chest. 2026年169卷2期498-508页
Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a rare condition caused by thromboembolic occlusions of the pulmonary arteries and characterized by elevated pulmonary pressure, vascular remodelling, and right ventricular overload, which can be treated effectively with balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA). The study aimed to evaluate whether elevated pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (PAWP), associated with left ventricular dysfunction, influences the effectiveness and safety of BPA treatment.
279. Post-ICU Care Trajectories and Outcomes Among Veterans: Comparing Veterans Affairs and Community Hospital Discharges.
作者: Zachary Hahn.;Hiam Naiditch.;Martha F Brucato.;Victor Talisa.;Brian Tyler.;John R Hotchkiss.;Sachin Yende.;Bryan J McVerry.;Florian B Mayr.
来源: Chest. 2025年
Survivors of critical illness face fragmented care transitions, leading to readmissions, emergency care use, and death. The Veterans Affairs (VA) Patient Aligned Care Team model emphasizes coordinated outpatient follow-up, yet many veterans now receive VA-purchased intensive care at community hospitals, potentially disrupting continuity.
280. Relationship Between Framingham 10-Year Cardiovascular Disease Risk Score and Pulse Wave Amplitude Drop Characteristics in a Sleep Clinic Cohort.
作者: Glenn M Stewart.;Benjamin K Tong.;Philip de Chazal.;Joanne Flood.;Yu Sun Bin.;Kristina Kairaitis.;John R Wheatley.;Andrew S L Chan.;Amanda J Piper.;Brendon J Yee.;Peter A Cistulli.; .
来源: Chest. 2026年169卷2期514-526页
Pulse oximetry-derived measures of autonomic vascular re-activity during sleep, quantified by pulse wave amplitude drop (PWAD) characteristics such as the PWAD index, have recently been proposed as a biomarker of cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes in patients with OSA.
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